37
views
0
recommends
+1 Recommend
1 collections
    0
    shares
      • Record: found
      • Abstract: found
      • Article: found
      Is Open Access

      Role of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi in Plant Growth Regulation: Implications in Abiotic Stress Tolerance

      review-article

      Read this article at

      Bookmark
          There is no author summary for this article yet. Authors can add summaries to their articles on ScienceOpen to make them more accessible to a non-specialist audience.

          Abstract

          Abiotic stresses hamper plant growth and productivity. Climate change and agricultural malpractices like excessive use of fertilizers and pesticides have aggravated the effects of abiotic stresses on crop productivity and degraded the ecosystem. There is an urgent need for environment-friendly management techniques such as the use of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) for enhancing crop productivity. AMF are commonly known as bio-fertilizers. Moreover, it is widely believed that the inoculation of AMF provides tolerance to host plants against various stressful situations like heat, salinity, drought, metals, and extreme temperatures. AMF may both assist host plants in the up-regulation of tolerance mechanisms and prevent the down-regulation of key metabolic pathways. AMF, being natural root symbionts, provide essential plant inorganic nutrients to host plants, thereby improving growth and yield under unstressed and stressed regimes. The role of AMF as a bio-fertilizer can potentially strengthen plants’ adaptability to changing environment. Thus, further research focusing on the AMF-mediated promotion of crop quality and productivity is needed. The present review provides a comprehensive up-to-date knowledge on AMF and their influence on host plants at various growth stages, their advantages and applications, and consequently the importance of the relationships of different plant nutrients with AMF.

          Related collections

          Most cited references179

          • Record: found
          • Abstract: not found
          • Article: not found

          Heat tolerance in plants: An overview

            Bookmark
            • Record: found
            • Abstract: found
            • Article: not found

            Roles of enzymatic and nonenzymatic antioxidants in plants during abiotic stress.

            Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are produced in plants as byproducts during many metabolic reactions, such as photosynthesis and respiration. Oxidative stress occurs when there is a serious imbalance between the production of ROS and antioxidant defense. Generation of ROS causes rapid cell damage by triggering a chain reaction. Cells have evolved an elaborate system of enzymatic and nonenzymatic antioxidants which help to scavenge these indigenously generated ROS. Various enzymes involved in ROS-scavenging have been manipulated, over expressed or downregulated to add to the present knowledge and understanding the role of the antioxidant systems. The present article reviews the manipulation of enzymatic and nonenzymatic antioxidants in plants to enhance the environmental stress tolerance and also throws light on ROS and redox signaling, calcium signaling, and ABA signaling.
              Bookmark
              • Record: found
              • Abstract: found
              • Article: not found

              Stress tolerance in plants via habitat-adapted symbiosis.

              We demonstrate that native grass species from coastal and geothermal habitats require symbiotic fungal endophytes for salt and heat tolerance, respectively. Symbiotically conferred stress tolerance is a habitat-specific phenomenon with geothermal endophytes conferring heat but not salt tolerance, and coastal endophytes conferring salt but not heat tolerance. The same fungal species isolated from plants in habitats devoid of salt or heat stress did not confer these stress tolerances. Moreover, fungal endophytes from agricultural crops conferred disease resistance and not salt or heat tolerance. We define habitat-specific, symbiotically-conferred stress tolerance as habitat-adapted symbiosis and hypothesize that it is responsible for the establishment of plants in high-stress habitats. The agricultural, coastal and geothermal plant endophytes also colonized tomato (a model eudicot) and conferred disease, salt and heat tolerance, respectively. In addition, the coastal plant endophyte colonized rice (a model monocot) and conferred salt tolerance. These endophytes have a broad host range encompassing both monocots and eudicots. Interestingly, the endophytes also conferred drought tolerance to plants regardless of the habitat of origin. Abiotic stress tolerance correlated either with a decrease in water consumption or reactive oxygen sensitivity/generation but not to increased osmolyte production. The ability of fungal endophytes to confer stress tolerance to plants may provide a novel strategy for mitigating the impacts of global climate change on agricultural and native plant communities.
                Bookmark

                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Journal
                Front Plant Sci
                Front Plant Sci
                Front. Plant Sci.
                Frontiers in Plant Science
                Frontiers Media S.A.
                1664-462X
                19 September 2019
                2019
                : 10
                : 1068
                Affiliations
                [1] 1College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University , Yangling, China
                [2] 2College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University , Yangling, China
                [3] 3Department of Weed Science, The University of Agriculture , Peshawar, Pakistan
                [4] 4University of Agriculture Faisalabad , Pakistan
                [5] 5Department of Botany, Mohi-Ud-Din Islamic University Azad Jammu and Kashmir , Pakistan
                Author notes

                Edited by: Ricardo Aroca, Experimental Station of Zaidín (EEZ), Spain

                Reviewed by: Xiancan Zhu, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology (CAS), China; Nieves Goicoechea, University of Navarra, Spain

                *Correspondence: Lixin Zhang, zhanglixin@ 123456nwsuaf.edu.cn

                This article was submitted to Plant Abiotic Stress, a section of the journal Frontiers in Plant Science

                Article
                10.3389/fpls.2019.01068
                6761482
                31608075
                9d5b2540-df60-456a-a552-f9459d18d25f
                Copyright © 2019 Begum, Qin, Ahanger, Raza, Khan, Ashraf, Ahmed and Zhang

                This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

                History
                : 14 May 2019
                : 07 August 2019
                Page count
                Figures: 2, Tables: 1, Equations: 0, References: 197, Pages: 15, Words: 6114
                Funding
                Funded by: Northwest A and F University 10.13039/501100007548
                Categories
                Plant Science
                Review

                Plant science & Botany
                arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi,plant growth,abiotic factors,stress tolerance,mineral nutrition

                Comments

                Comment on this article