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      Predicting the distribution of a parasite using the ecological niche model, GARP Translated title: Predicción de la distribución de un parásito usando el modelo de nicho ecológico, GARP

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          Abstract

          The ecological niche of a parasite exists only at the nexus of certain abiotic and biotic conditions suitable for both the definitive and intermediate hosts. However, the life cycles of most parasites are not known, or are poorly known, and using known ranges of hosts to find endemic parasitic infections has been difficult. However, with ecological niche modeling, we can create potential range maps using known localities of infection. Testing the validity of such maps requires knowledge of the localities of other parasites with common history. Here, we find that the ecological niche of a tapeworm parasite of voles, Paranoplocephala macrocephala (Cestoda: Anoplocephalidae), allows prediction of the presence (in ecological and geographic space) of 19 related parasite species from 3 genera in 23 different hosts throughout the Nearctic. These results give credence to the idea that this group shares similar life cycle requirements despite phylogenetic distance. This work further validates ecological niche modeling as a means by which to predict occurrence of parasites when not all facets of the life cycle are confirmed. Such inductive methods create the opportunity for deducing potential reservoir or intermediate hosts, and complementing studies of parasite biodiversity and community ecology.

          Translated abstract

          El nicho ecológico de un parásito existe sólo cuando coinciden condiciones abióticas y bióticas necesarias para los hospederos definitivos e intermediarios. No obstante, los ciclos de vida de la mayoría de los parásitos son poco conocidos; el usar áreas de distribución de hospederos para encontrar áreas endémicas de parasitismo ha resultado difícil. Con el modelado de nicho, se pueden producir mapas del área de distribución potencial con base en sitios conocidos de presencia. Para probar la validez de estos mapas, se requiere el conocimiento de sitios de presencia de otros parásitos relacionados. En este estudio, encontramos que el nicho ecológico de un gusano parásito de ratones, Paranoplocephala macrocephala (Cestoda: Anoplocephalidae) permite predecir la presencia de 19 especies relacionadas de parásitos de 3 géneros en 23 diferentes hospederos a través del Neártico. Estos resultados apoyan la idea de que este grupo comparte una historia filogenética común que se refleja en nichos compartidos y que el modelado de nichos ofrece una manera de predecir la presencia de parásitos aunque no se conozcan todos los detalles de su ciclo de vida. Estos métodos permiten deducir reservorios u hospederos para estos parásitos.

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          Novel methods improve prediction of species’ distributions from occurrence data

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            Representing Twentieth-Century Space–Time Climate Variability. Part I: Development of a 1961–90 Mean Monthly Terrestrial Climatology

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              Conservatism of ecological niches in evolutionary time

              Theory predicts low niche differentiation between species over evolutionary time scales, but little empirical evidence is available. Reciprocal geographic predictions based on ecological niche models of sister taxon pairs of birds, mammals, and butterflies in southern Mexico indicate niche conservatism over several million years of independent evolution (between putative sister taxon pairs) but little conservatism at the level of families. Niche conservatism over such time scales indicates that speciation takes place in geographic, not ecological, dimensions and that ecological differences evolve later.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                rmbiodiv
                Revista mexicana de biodiversidad
                Rev. Mex. Biodiv.
                Instituto de Biología (México, DF, Mexico )
                1870-3453
                2007-8706
                December 2010
                : 81
                : 3
                : 895-902
                Affiliations
                [01] Lincoln NE orgnameUniversity of Nebraska-Lincoln orgdiv1Laboratory of Parasitology USA
                [02] Lawrence KS orgnameThe University of Kansas orgdiv1Natural History Museum and Biodiversity Research Center USA
                Article
                S1870-34532010000300029 S1870-3453(10)08100300029
                9d652dc5-9c15-49d0-92e2-c387f4265aae

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 09 April 2009
                : 22 March 2010
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 45, Pages: 8
                Product

                SciELO Mexico

                Categories
                Biogeography

                biodiversity,Paranoplocephala,cestodes,geographical distribution,ecology,phylogenetics,biodiversidad,cestodos,distribución,ecología,filogenia

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