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      Effect of surface finishing on the colour stability and translucency of dental ceramics

      research-article
      , ,
      BMC Oral Health
      BioMed Central
      Ceramic, Colour stability, Surface finishing, Translucency

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          Abstract

          Background

          The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of staining solutions and surface finishing on the colour stability and translucency of hybrid ceramic (HC) and resin nanoceramic (RNC) materials.

          Methods

          Twenty four groups consisting of 10 specimens (240 specimens in total) were created out of HC and RNC, including six groups to be stored in distilled water served as the controls groups. The Vita Enamic technical set, Shofu polishers, medium and fine rubber wheels and Sof-Lex polishing discs were used as polishing instruments. Cola, tea, and coffee were used as staining solutions. The colour differences ( ∆E*) and translucency parameter (TP) were evaluated by a spectrophotometer. Data were analysed by a One-way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) and Mann-Whitney U test.

          Results

          There was a statistically significant difference between the ∆ E* values of the HC specimens in the coffee groups and the ∆ E* values of the other HC groups ( p < 0.05). The ∆ E* values of the RNC specimens in the coffee and tea groups were not different from the specimens in the cola groups ( p > 0.05). The TP values of the polished groups were higher than the Sof-Lex groups and the Shofu groups on both HC and RNC materials ( p < 0.05).

          Conclusions

          Increased ∆E* values were observed in HC specimens stored in a coffee solution compared to the specimens stored in a tea or cola solution. Both of the RNC specimens stored in coffee and tea had higher ∆E* values than the RNC specimens stored in the cola. The TP values of both HC and RNC specimens stored in the coffee solution decreased.

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          Most cited references35

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          Assessment of appearance match by visual observation and clinical colorimetry.

          Judgments of appearance matching by means of the visual criteria established by the United States Public Health Service (USPHS) and by means of an extended visual rating scale were determined for composite resin veneer restorations and their comparison teeth. Using a colorimeter of 45 degrees/0 degrees geometry and the CIELAB color order system we used the color of the restorations and comparison teeth to calculate a color difference for every visual rating. Statistically significant relationships were found between each of the two visual rating systems and the color differences. The average CIELAB color difference of those ratings judged a match by the USPHS criteria was found to be 3.7. However, the overlap in ranges of the color differences for those comparisons rated matches and mismatches indicates the importance of other factors in appearance matching, such as translucency and the effects of other surrounding visual stimuli. The extended visual rating scale offers no advantages to the more broadly defined criteria established by the USPHS.
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            Mechanical properties of polymer-infiltrated-ceramic-network materials.

            To determine and identify correlations between flexural strength, strain at failure, elastic modulus and hardness versus ceramic network densities of a range of novel polymer-infiltrated-ceramic-network (PICN) materials. Four ceramic network densities ranging from 59% to 72% of theoretical density, resin infiltrated PICN as well as pure polymer and dense ceramic cross-sections were subjected to Vickers Indentations (HV 5) for hardness evaluation. The flexural strength and elastic modulus were measured using three-point-bending. The fracture response of PICNs was determined for cracks induced by Vickers-indentation. Optical and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was employed to observe the indented areas. Depending on the density of the porous ceramic the flexural strength of PICNs ranged from 131 to 160MPa, the hardness values ranged between 1.05 and 2.10GPa and the elastic modulus between 16.4 and 28.1GPa. SEM observations of the indentation induced cracks indicate that the polymer network causes greater crack deflection than the dense ceramic material. The results were compared with simple analytical expressions for property variation of two phase composite materials. This study points out the correlation between ceramic network density, elastic modulus and hardness of PICNs. These materials are considered to more closely imitate natural tooth properties compared with existing dental restorative materials. Copyright © 2013 Academy of Dental Materials. All rights reserved.
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              Effects of different drinks on stainability of resin composite provisional restorative materials.

              The ability of tooth-colored restorative materials for provisional restorations to resist stains is important when interim prostheses are worn for a long period. Discoloration of provisional restorative materials may result in patient dissatisfaction and additional time and expense for replacement. However, the effect of different staining agents on the color difference of resin composite restorative materials has not been completely clarified. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the stainability of auto- and light-polymerized composite provisional restorative materials, reinforced microfill, and microhybrid resin composite restorative materials upon exposure to different staining agents. Forty-five cylindrical specimens (15 x 2 mm) were prepared for each of an autopolymerized bis-acryl composite provisional restorative material (Protemp II), a light-polymerized composite provisional restorative material (Revotek LC), a reinforced microfill (Micronew), and a microhybrid composite (Filtek Z250, Herculite XRV) restorative material, using a brass mold. The specimens were wet-ground with 1000-grit silicon carbide abrasive paper for 10 seconds. The 5 restorative material specimens were divided into 9 groups (n = 5) and stored for 24 hours at 37 degrees C in different types of solutions: water, coffee, coffee with sugar, tea, tea with sugar, coffee with artificial creamer and sugar, cola, red wine, or sour cherry juice. Color of all specimens was measured before and after exposure with a colorimeter using CIE L * a * b * relative, and color changes (DeltaE * ) were then calculated. The data were analyzed with a 2-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), and mean values were compared by the Tukey HSD test (alpha = .05). The interaction of provisional restorative materials and staining agents was statistically significant ( P = .0001). For the 5 restorative materials tested, the lowest DeltaE * values were observed in the water, cola, and sour cherry juice groups. The highest color difference for all restorative materials was observed in the red wine groups. For microhybrid composite materials and light-polymerized composite provisional material, when tea and coffee groups with and without sugar were compared, both groups with sugar demonstrated a higher color difference than without sugar. When comparing the 5 different restorative materials, the reinforced microfill material group (Micronew) demonstrated significantly less color change than the other materials tested. The highest color difference in this study was observed for specimens in the light-polymerized composite provisional material group (Revotek LC). The reinforced microfill restorative material tested was found significantly more color stable than the autopolymerized bis-acryl, light-polymerized composite provisional restorative materials, and microhybrid composites tested. The largest color difference was observed in the light-polymerized composite provisional material. The presence of sugar in coffee and tea increased the color difference compared to coffee or tea without sugar for light-polymerized composite provisional material and microhybrid composites.
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                +90 356 212 4222 , sarikayaisil@gmail.com
                Journal
                BMC Oral Health
                BMC Oral Health
                BMC Oral Health
                BioMed Central (London )
                1472-6831
                13 March 2018
                13 March 2018
                2018
                : 18
                : 40
                Affiliations
                ISNI 0000 0001 0689 906X, GRID grid.411550.4, Department of Prosthodontics, , Gaziosmanpasa University Faculty of Dentistry, ; 60100 Tokat, Turkey
                Author information
                http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2172-4724
                Article
                508
                10.1186/s12903-018-0508-4
                5851095
                29534712
                9da3b4a6-5df9-44e2-b04b-eb33389b840b
                © The Author(s). 2018

                Open AccessThis article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License ( http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver ( http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.

                History
                : 26 October 2017
                : 7 March 2018
                Funding
                Funded by: Gaziosmanpasa University Scientific Research Projects Governing Unit
                Award ID: 2014/52
                Award Recipient :
                Categories
                Research Article
                Custom metadata
                © The Author(s) 2018

                Dentistry
                ceramic,colour stability,surface finishing,translucency
                Dentistry
                ceramic, colour stability, surface finishing, translucency

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