Fear of movement/(Re)injury in low back pain: confirmatory validation of a German version of the Tampa Scale for Kinesiophobia

There is no author summary for this article yet. Authors can add summaries to their articles on ScienceOpen to make them more accessible to a non-specialist audience.

Abstract

Background

The Tampa Scale for Kinesiophobia (TSK), an instrument for measuring fear of movement/(re)injury, has been confirmed as an important predictor for the persistence of pain-related disability. The aims of this study were to evaluate the psychometric properties of a German version of the TSK (TSK-GV), examining aspects of content validity with special focus on fear-avoidance and endurance, and to confirm criterion-related validity in patients with low back pain (LBP).

Methods

A total of 191 patients with LBP were included in this study. Several models with different factor structures from published studies were compared in a confirmatory factor analysis. Internal consistencies of the TSK-GV and its subscales were examined, and correlations with related self-report measures were calculated.

Results

The internal consistency of the TSK-GV was α = 0.73. A two-factor model with 11 items was found to be the best fit for our data. The two factors were labelled Somatic Focus (SF) and Activity Avoidance (AA). The total score, SF and AA revealed moderate to high correlations with other fear-avoidance variables.

Conclusions

The TSK-GV is a reliable and valid measure for assessing the fear of movement/(re)injury.

Electronic supplementary material

The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/1471-2474-15-280) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

Related collections

Most cited references 49

Record: found
Abstract: found
Article: not found

Grading the severity of chronic pain.

Michael Von Korff, Johan Ormel, Francis Keefe … (1992)

This research develops and evaluates a simple method of grading the severity of chronic pain for use in general population surveys and studies of primary care pain patients. Measures of pain intensity, disability, persistence and recency of onset were tested for their ability to grade chronic pain severity in a longitudinal study of primary care back pain (n = 1213), headache (n = 779) and temporomandibular disorder pain (n = 397) patients. A Guttman scale analysis showed that pain intensity and disability measures formed a reliable hierarchical scale. Pain intensity measures appeared to scale the lower range of global severity while disability measures appeared to scale the upper range of global severity. Recency of onset and days in pain in the prior 6 months did not scale with pain intensity or disability. Using simple scoring rules, pain severity was graded into 4 hierarchical classes: Grade I, low disability--low intensity; Grade II, low disability--high intensity; Grade III, high disability--moderately limiting; and Grade IV, high disability--severely limiting. For each pain site, Chronic Pain Grade measured at baseline showed a highly statistically significant and monotonically increasing relationship with unemployment rate, pain-related functional limitations, depression, fair to poor self-rated health, frequent use of opioid analgesics, and frequent pain-related doctor visits both at baseline and at 1-year follow-up. Days in Pain was related to these variables, but not as strongly as Chronic Pain Grade. Recent onset cases (first onset within the prior 3 months) did not show differences in psychological and behavioral dysfunction when compared to persons with less recent onset. Using longitudinal data from a population-based study (n = 803), Chronic Pain Grade at baseline predicted the presence of pain in the prior 2 weeks. Chronic Pain Grade and pain-related functional limitations at 3-year follow-up. Grading chronic pain as a function of pain intensity and pain-related disability may be useful when a brief ordinal measure of global pain severity is required. Pain persistence, measured by days in pain in a fixed time period, provides useful additional information.

0 comments Cited 404 times – based on 0 reviews      Review now

Bookmark

Record: found
Abstract: found
Article: not found

Fear of movement/(re)injury in chronic low back pain and its relation to behavioral performance.

Johan W S Vlaeyen, Ank Kole-Snijders, Ruben G B Boeren … (1995)

Two studies are presented that investigated 'fear of movement/(re)injury' in chronic musculoskeletal pain and its relation to behavioral performance. The 1st study examines the relation among fear of movement/(re)injury (as measured with the Dutch version of the Tampa Scale for Kinesiophobia (TSK-DV)) (Kori et al. 1990), biographical variables (age, pain duration, gender, use of supportive equipment, compensation status), pain-related variables (pain intensity, pain cognitions, pain coping) and affective distress (fear and depression) in a group of 103 chronic low back pain (CLBP) patients. In the 2nd study, motoric, psychophysiologic and self-report measures of fear are taken from 33 CLBP patients who are exposed to a single and relatively simple movement. Generally, findings demonstrated that the fear of movement/(re)injury is related to gender and compensation status, and more closely to measures of catastrophizing and depression, but in a much lesser degree to pain coping and pain intensity. Furthermore, subjects who report a high degree of fear of movement/(re)injury show more fear and escape/avoidance when exposed to a simple movement. The discussion focuses on the clinical relevance of the construct of fear of movement/(re)injury and research questions that remain to be answered.

0 comments Cited 336 times – based on 0 reviews      Review now

Bookmark

Record: found
Abstract: found
Article: not found

Psychometric properties of the TSK-11: a shortened version of the Tampa Scale for Kinesiophobia.

Steve R Woby, Neil K Roach, Martin Urmston … (2005)

The Tampa Scale for Kinesiophobia (TSK) is one of the most frequently employed measures for assessing pain-related fear in back pain patients. Despite its widespread use, there is relatively little data to support the psychometric properties of the English version of this scale. This study investigated the psychometric properties of the English version of the TSK in a sample of chronic low back pain patients. Item analysis revealed that four items possessed low item total correlations (4, 8, 12, 16) and four items had response trends that deviated from a pattern of normal distribution (4, 9, 12, 14). Consequently, we tested the psychometric properties of a shorter version of the TSK (TSK-11), having excluded the six psychometrically poor items. The psychometric properties of this measure were compared to those of the original TSK. Both measures demonstrated good internal consistency (TSK: alpha=0.76; TSK-11: alpha=0.79), test-retest reliability (TSK: ICC=0.82, SEM=3.16; TSK-11: ICC=0.81, SEM=2.54), responsiveness (TSK: SRM=-1.19; TSK-11: SRM=-1.11), concurrent validity and predictive validity. In respect of specific cut-off scores, a reduction of at least four points on both measures maximised the likelihood of correctly identifying an important reduction in fear of movement. Overall, the TSK-11 possessed similar psychometric properties to the original TSK and offered the advantage of brevity. Further research is warranted to investigate the utility of the new instrument and the cut-off scores in a wider group of chronic pain patients in different clinical settings.

0 comments Cited 214 times – based on 0 reviews      Review now

Bookmark

All references

Author and article information

Contributors

Adina Carmen Rusu: adina.rusu@rub.de

Nina Kreddig: kreddig@medpsych.rub.de

Dirk Hallner: hallner@medpsych.rub.de

Janina Hülsebusch: huelsebusch@medpsych.rub.de

Monika I Hasenbring: monika.hasenbring@rub.de

Journal

Journal ID (nlm-ta): BMC Musculoskelet Disord

Journal ID (iso-abbrev): BMC Musculoskelet Disord

Title: BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders

Publisher: BioMed Central (London )

ISSN (Electronic): 1471-2474

Publication date (Electronic): 19 August 2014

Publication date PMC-release: 19 August 2014

Publication date Collection: 2014

Volume: 15

Issue: 1

Electronic Location Identifier: 280

Affiliations

[ ]Department of Medical Psychology and Medical Sociology, Faculty of Medicine, Ruhr-University Bochum, Universitätsstr 150, Bochum, 44780 Germany

[ ]Department of Psychology, Royal Holloway, University of London, Egham, Surrey, UK

Article

Publisher ID: 2314

DOI: 10.1186/1471-2474-15-280

PMC ID: 4246485

PubMed ID: 25138111

SO-VID: 9ddea751-b971-4648-a7c6-745d0d21874a

License:

This article is published under license to BioMed Central Ltd. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License ( http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly credited. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver ( http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.

History

Date received : 16 December 2013

Date accepted : 28 July 2014

Custom metadata

ScienceOpen disciplines: Orthopedics

Keywords: fear of pain,fear of (re)injury,fear of movement,validation,tsk,tampa scale for kinesiophobia,assessment

Data availability:

ScienceOpen disciplines: Orthopedics

Keywords: fear of pain, fear of (re)injury, fear of movement, validation, tsk, tampa scale for kinesiophobia, assessment

Fear of movement/(Re)injury in low back pain: confirmatory validation of a German version of the Tampa Scale for Kinesiophobia

Read this article at

Abstract

Background

Methods

Results

Conclusions

Electronic supplementary material

Related collections

Orthopedics

Most cited references 49

Grading the severity of chronic pain.

Fear of movement/(re)injury in chronic low back pain and its relation to behavioral performance.

Psychometric properties of the TSK-11: a shortened version of the Tampa Scale for Kinesiophobia.

Author and article information

Contributors

Journal

Affiliations

Article

History

Categories

Custom metadata

Comments

Comment on this article

Similar content 60

Cited by 30

Most referenced authors 938