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      An Appraisal of a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Clinical Trials on the Efficacy and Safety of Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter-2 Inhibitors as an Adjunct to Insulin Therapy in Type 1 Diabetes Patients

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      International Journal of Diabetes and Metabolism
      S. Karger AG

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          Exploring the potential of the SGLT2 inhibitor dapagliflozin in type 1 diabetes: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled pilot study.

          Insulin adjustments to maintain glycemic control in individuals with type 1 diabetes often lead to wide glucose fluctuations, hypoglycemia, and increased body weight. Dapagliflozin, an insulin-independent sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitor, increases glucosuria and reduces hyperglycemia in individuals with type 2 diabetes. The primary objective of this study was to assess short-term safety of dapagliflozin in combination with insulin; secondary objectives included pharmacokinetic, pharmacodynamic, and efficacy parameters.
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            Sodium-glucose co-transporter-2 inhibitors as add-on therapy to insulin for type 1 diabetes mellitus: Systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

            New treatments for type 1 diabetes are an unmet need. We investigated the efficacy and safety of adding sodium-glucose co-transporter-2 (SGLT2) inhibitors to insulin for type 1 diabetes by conducting a meta-analysis of prospective randomized, placebo-controlled trials. A search of electronic databases up to October 2017 identified 1361 studies, of which 14 were investigated (N = 4591). Meta-analysis showed that SGLT2 inhibitor therapy significantly reduced glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) concentration by 0.4% (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.35, 0.46; P < .001, I2 = 0%), fasting plasma glucose by 1.14 mmol/L (95% CI 0.8,1.47), body weight by 2.68 kg (95% CI 2.0, 3.36), and systolic blood pressure by 3.37 mmHg (95% CI 1.46, 5.28). In addition, bolus insulin decreased by 3.6 units/day (95% CI 2.0, 5.3), and basal insulin decreased by 4.2 units/day (95% CI 2.2, 6.3). Continuous glucose monitoring showed a decrease in glucose excursions compared with placebo, with reduced variation of mean blood glucose, glucose standard deviation, and mean amplitude of glucose excursion. There was no significant increase in the rate of hypoglycaemia or severe hypoglycaemia; however, SGLT2 inhibitor therapy increased diabetic ketoacidosis (odds ratio [OR] 3.38) and genital tract infection (OR 3.44). Add-on SGLT2 inhibitor therapy might be advantageous for type 1 diabetes, but its use should be considered carefully.
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              The efficacy and safety of sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitors for patients with type 1 diabetes: a systematic review and network meta-analysis.

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                Author and article information

                Journal
                IJD
                10.1159/issn.2073-5944
                International Journal of Diabetes and Metabolism
                S. Karger AG
                1606-7754
                2073-5944
                2019
                October 2020
                22 August 2019
                : 25
                : 3-4
                : 162
                Affiliations
                Independent Researcher, Kalyani, India
                Author notes
                *Dr. Sumanta Saha, Independent Researcher, A-10/323, Kalyani 741235, West Bengal (India), E-Mail sumanta.saha@uq.net.au
                Author information
                https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0996-8846
                Article
                502743 Int J Diabetes Metab 2019;25:162
                10.1159/000502743
                9e31482d-4d6d-4e81-983a-2fdac75b3635
                © 2019 The Author(s) Published by S. Karger AG, Basel

                This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License (CC BY-NC-ND). Usage and distribution for commercial purposes as well as any distribution of modified material requires written permission. Drug Dosage: The authors and the publisher have exerted every effort to ensure that drug selection and dosage set forth in this text are in accord with current recommendations and practice at the time of publication. However, in view of ongoing research, changes in government regulations, and the constant flow of information relating to drug therapy and drug reactions, the reader is urged to check the package insert for each drug for any changes in indications and dosage and for added warnings and precautions. This is particularly important when the recommended agent is a new and/or infrequently employed drug. Disclaimer: The statements, opinions and data contained in this publication are solely those of the individual authors and contributors and not of the publishers and the editor(s). The appearance of advertisements or/and product references in the publication is not a warranty, endorsement, or approval of the products or services advertised or of their effectiveness, quality or safety. The publisher and the editor(s) disclaim responsibility for any injury to persons or property resulting from any ideas, methods, instructions or products referred to in the content or advertisements.

                History
                : 09 July 2019
                : 07 August 2019
                Page count
                Pages: 1
                Categories
                Case Challenge and Education – Letter to the Editor

                Endocrinology & Diabetes,Neurology,Nutrition & Dietetics,Sexual medicine,Internal medicine,Pharmacology & Pharmaceutical medicine

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