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      Chorion Mesenchymal Stem Cells Show Superior Differentiation, Immunosuppressive, and Angiogenic Potentials in Comparison With Haploidentical Maternal Placental Cells

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          Abstract

          The biological characteristics of haploidentical mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) from fetal sources were analyzed and compared with maternal decidua MSCs. The results suggest that assessing the prevalence of fetomaternal contamination within placental MSCs is necessary to increase robustness and limit side effects in their clinical use. The results also show evidence positioning fetoplacental cells in the forefront of the quest for superior cell types for applications in regenerative medicine.

          Abstract

          Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) of placental origin have become increasingly translational owing to their abundance and accessibility. MSCs of different origin share several features but also present biological differences that might point to distinct clinical properties. Hence, mixing fetal and maternal cells from the same placenta can lead to contradicting results. We analyzed the biological characteristics of haploidentical MSCs isolated from fetal sources, including the umbilical cord (UC-MSCs) and chorion (Ch-MSCs), compared with maternal decidua MSCs (Dc-MSCs). All MSCs were analyzed for general stem cell properties. In addition, immunosuppressive capacity was assessed by the inhibition of T-cell proliferation, and angiogenic potential was evaluated in a Matrigel transplantation assay. The comparison between haploidentical MSCs displayed several distinct features, including (a) marked differences in the expression of CD56, (b) a higher proliferative capacity for Dc-MSCs and UC-MSCs than for Ch-MSCs, (c) a diversity of mesodermal differentiation potential in favor of fetal MSCs, (d) a higher capacity for Ch-MSCs to inhibit T-cell proliferation, and (e) superior angiogenic potential of Ch-MSCs evidenced by a higher capability to form tubular vessel-like structures and an enhanced release of hepatocyte growth factor and vascular endothelial growth factor under hypoxic conditions. Our results suggest that assessing the prevalence of fetomaternal contamination within placental MSCs is necessary to increase robustness and limit side effects in their clinical use. Finally, our work presents evidence positioning fetoplacental cells and notably Ch-MSCs in the forefront of the quest for cell types that are superior for applications in regenerative medicine.

          Significance

          This study analyzed the biological characteristics of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) isolated from fetal and maternal placental origins. The findings can be summarized as follows: (a) important differences were found in the expression of CD56, (b) a different mesodermal differentiation potential was found in favor of fetal MSCs, (c) a higher immunosuppressive capacity for chorion MSCs was noted, and (d) superior angiogenic potential of Ch-MSCs was observed. These results suggest that assessing the prevalence of fetomaternal contamination within placental MSCs is necessary to increase robustness and limit side effects in their clinical use. The evidence should allow clinicians to view fetoplacental cells, notably Ch-MSCs, favorably as candidates for use in regenerative medicine.

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          Author and article information

          Journal
          Stem Cells Transl Med
          Stem Cells Transl Med
          Stem Cells Translational Medicine
          sctm
          Stem Cells Translational Medicine
          Stem Cells Translational Medicine
          AlphaMed Press (Durham, NC, USA )
          2157-6564
          2157-6580
          October 2015
          13 August 2015
          1 October 2016
          : 4
          : 10
          : 1109-1121
          Affiliations
          Laboratory of Nano-Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Los Andes, Santiago, Chile; Cells for Cells, Santiago, Chile; Facultad de Medicina Universidad de los Andes y Clínica Universidad de Los Andes, Santiago, Chile; Consorcio Regenero, Santiago, Chile
          Author notes
          Correspondence: Maroun Khoury, Ph.D., Laboratory of Nano-Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Los Andes, San Carlos de Apoquindo 2200, Las Condes, Santiago 7620001, Chile. Telephone: 226-18-1956; E-Mail: mkhoury@ 123456uandes.cl
          Article
          PMC4572900 PMC4572900 4572900 20150022
          10.5966/sctm.2015-0022
          4572900
          26273064
          9ea2a2cb-ff96-4dcb-bf3d-dd91ea46fc22
          ©AlphaMed Press
          History
          : 10 February 2015
          : 22 June 2015
          Page count
          Pages: 13
          Categories
          4
          35
          Fetal and Neonatal Stem Cells
          Custom metadata
          v1

          Decidua,Angiogenic potential,Mesenchymal stem cells,Umbilical cord,Chorion,Immunosuppression,Fetal,Maternal,Placental cells

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