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      The effect of interventional program underpinned by health belief model on awareness, attitude, and performance of nurses in preventing nosocomial infections: A randomized controlled trial study Translated title: Efecto de un programa de intervención basado en el modelo de creencias en salud sobre el conocimiento, la actitud y el desempeño del personal de enfermería en la prevención de las infecciones intrahospitalarias. Ensayo controlado aleatorizado Translated title: Efeito de um programa de intervenção baseado no modelo de crenças em saúde no conhecimento, atitude e atuação da equipe de enfermagem na prevenção de infecções hospitalares. Teste controlado e aleatório

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          Abstract

          Objective.

          The present study examined the effect of an interventional program underpinned by the Health Belief Model (HBM) on nurses’ awareness, attitude, and performance in preventing nosocomial infections.

          Methods.

          This randomized controlled trial study was performed on 60 clinical nurses in lar, Iran. Nurses were selected using the simple random sampling method and assigned to two experimental ( n=30) and control ( n=30) groups. Data collection tool included the valid and reliable questionnaire was developed by Soleimani et al. The research intervention consisted of five 90-min sessions based on the health belief model in preventing hospital infection for experimental group. Before the intervention, immediately and two months after the intervention, the two groups completed the questionnaire. The control group received no intervention.

          Results.

          Data analysis showed that the differences between the two groups was statistically significant immediately and two months after the intervention ( p<0.05). In experimental group the changes in the mean score of knowledge, attitude and performance of nurses before, immediately and two months after the intervention were significant ( p<0.05), but in the control group, only the changes in the mean score of performance were significant ( p<0.05).

          Conclusion.

          The results showed that the HBM-based intervention is effective in promoting nurses’ knowledge, attitude, and performance in preventing nosocomial infections. hence, periodical and in-service HBM-based training programs on preventing nosocomial infections are recommended to be held for nurses.

          Resumen

          Objetivo.

          El presente estudio examinó el efecto de un programa de intervención basado en el modelo de creencias en salud (Health Belief Model -HBM-, en inglés sobre el conocimiento, la actitud y el desempeño de las enfermeras en la prevención de las infecciones intrahospitalarias.

          Métodos.

          Este ensayo controlado aleatorizado se realizó en 60 enfermeras clínicas de lar, Irán. Las enfermeras fueron seleccionadas mediante el método de muestreo aleatorio simple y asignadas a dos grupos experimental ( n=30) y de control ( n=30). La herramienta para la recogida de datos incluyó el cuestionario válido y fiable desarrollado por Soleimani et al. La intervención consistió en cinco sesiones de 90 minutos basadas en el modelo de creencias de salud para prevenir la infección intrahospitalaria en el grupo experimental. Antes de la intervención, inmediatamente y dos meses después de la intervención, los dos grupos completaron el cuestionario. El grupo de control no recibió ninguna intervención.

          Resultados.

          El análisis de los datos mostró diferencias estadísticamente significativas entre los dos grupos en los momentos inmediatamente y dos meses después de la intervención ( p<0.05). En el grupo experimental, los cambios en la puntuación media de conocimientos, actitudes y rendimiento de las enfermeras se observaron en los momentos de antes, inmediatamente y dos meses después de la intervención ( p<0.05); mientras que en el grupo de control solamente los cambios en la puntuación media de desempeño fueron significativos ( p<0.05).

          Conclusión.

          Los resultados mostraron que la intervención basada en HBM fue eficaz para promover el conocimiento, la actitud y el rendimiento de las enfermeras en la prevención de las infecciones intrahospitalaria, por lo que se recomienda impartir a las enfermeras programas de formación periódicos y en servicio basados en HBM sobre la prevención de las infecciones intrahospitalarias.

          Resumo

          Objetivo.

          Examinar o efeito de um programa de intervenção baseado no Modelo de Crenças em Saúde (MBH) no conhecimento, atitude e desempenho dos enfermeiros na prevenção de infecções hospitalares.

          Métodos.

          Este ensaio clínico randomizado foi conduzido em 60 enfermeiras clínicas de lar, Irã. Os enfermeiros foram selecionados pelo método de amostragem aleatória simples e distribuídos em dois grupos experimental ( n=30) e controle ( n=30). O instrumento de coleta de dados incluiu o questionário válido e confiável desenvolvido por Soleimani et al. A intervenção consistiu em cinco sessões de 90 minutos baseadas no modelo de crenças em saúde para prevenir infecção hospitalar no grupo experimental. Antes, imediatamente e dois meses após a intervenção, ambos os grupos responderam ao questionário. O grupo controle não recebeu nenhuma intervenção.

          Resultados.

          A análise dos dados mostrou diferenças estatisticamente significativas entre os dois grupos imediatamente e dois meses após a intervenção ( p<0.05). No grupo experimental foram observadas alterações na pontuação média de conhecimentos, atitudes e desempenho dos enfermeiros antes, imediatamente e dois meses após a intervenção ( p<0.05); enquanto no grupo controle apenas as alterações na pontuação média de desempenho foram significativas ( p<0.05).

          Conclusão.

          Os resultados demonstraram que a intervenção baseada no HBM foi eficaz na promoção do conhecimento, atitude e desempenho dos enfermeiros na prevenção de infecções hospitalares, pelo que se recomenda proporcionar aos enfermeiros este tipo de programas de formação em serviço baseados no HBM.

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          Most cited references39

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          Burden of endemic health-care-associated infection in developing countries: systematic review and meta-analysis.

          Health-care-associated infection is the most frequent result of unsafe patient care worldwide, but few data are available from the developing world. We aimed to assess the epidemiology of endemic health-care-associated infection in developing countries. We searched electronic databases and reference lists of relevant papers for articles published 1995-2008. Studies containing full or partial data from developing countries related to infection prevalence or incidence-including overall health-care-associated infection and major infection sites, and their microbiological cause-were selected. We classified studies as low-quality or high-quality according to predefined criteria. Data were pooled for analysis. Of 271 selected articles, 220 were included in the final analysis. Limited data were retrieved from some regions and many countries were not represented. 118 (54%) studies were low quality. In general, infection frequencies reported in high-quality studies were greater than those from low-quality studies. Prevalence of health-care-associated infection (pooled prevalence in high-quality studies, 15·5 per 100 patients [95% CI 12·6-18·9]) was much higher than proportions reported from Europe and the USA. Pooled overall health-care-associated infection density in adult intensive-care units was 47·9 per 1000 patient-days (95% CI 36·7-59·1), at least three times as high as densities reported from the USA. Surgical-site infection was the leading infection in hospitals (pooled cumulative incidence 5·6 per 100 surgical procedures), strikingly higher than proportions recorded in developed countries. Gram-negative bacilli represented the most common nosocomial isolates. Apart from meticillin resistance, noted in 158 of 290 (54%) Staphylococcus aureus isolates (in eight studies), very few articles reported antimicrobial resistance. The burden of health-care-associated infection in developing countries is high. Our findings indicate a need to improve surveillance and infection-control practices. World Health Organization. Copyright © 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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            Impact of education on knowledge, attitudes and practices among various categories of health care workers on nosocomial infections.

            To assess the knowledge, attitudes and practices among the different health care workers (HCWs) on nosocomial infections. A total of 150 HCWs, doctors (n=50), nurses (n=50) and ward aides (n=50) were included. A questionnaire was administered to the HCWs to assess their knowledge, attitudes and practices on nosocomial infections. A scoring system was devised to grade those (KAP score). They were further subjected to a series of similar questionnaires at intervals of 6, 12 and 24 months after an education module. Subjects in each category of staff (n=10) were observed for compliance to hand washing practices in the ward in the post-education period. Statistical analysis was done using statistical software. The study showed an increase in the number of subjects in each category scoring good and excellent in the post-education questionnaire; however this declined with the progress of time. It was observed that the compliance level to hand washing practices differed among the different HCWs. Total compliance was 63.3% and ward aides were most compliant 76.7% (adjusted Wald 95% CI= 58.80-88.48). Education has a positive impact on retention of knowledge, attitudes and practices in all the categories of staff. There is a need to develop a system of continuous education for all the categories of staff. In order to reduce the incidence of nosocomial infections, compliance with interventions are mandatory.
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              • Abstract: not found
              • Article: not found

              Knowledge, attitude, practice, and clinical recommendation toward infection control and prevention standards among nurses: A systematic review

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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Invest Educ Enferm
                Invest Educ Enferm
                iee
                Investigacion y Educacion en Enfermeria
                Imprenta Universidad de Antioquia
                0120-5307
                2216-0280
                26 October 2023
                Sep-Dec 2023
                : 41
                : 3
                : e10
                Affiliations
                [1 ] original Nurse, MSc. Student Research Committee. Email: m.hossinpour98arshad@gmail.com m.hossinpour98arshad@ 123456gmail.com
                [3 ] original Nurse, Ph.D. Assistant Professor. School of Nursing. Email: mohsenefaseleh@yahoo.com orgdiv1School of Nursing mohsenefaseleh@ 123456yahoo.com
                [4 ] original Nurse, Ph.D. Assistant Professor. Email: z.badiyepeyma@gmail.com z.badiyepeyma@ 123456gmail.com
                [5 ] original Jahrom University of Medical Sciences, Jahrom, Iran. orgnameJahrom University of Medical Sciences Jahrom, Iran
                Author notes
                [* ] Nurse, Ph.D. Assistant Professor. School of Nursing. Email: eslamiakbarrasool@ 123456gmail.com . Corresponding author

                Conflicts of interest: None

                Article
                00010
                10.17533/udea.iee.v41n3e10
                10990589
                9ebd51d2-eacf-4098-8532-2b761538b707

                This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License

                History
                : 26 June 2023
                : 27 September 2023
                Page count
                Figures: 1, Tables: 4, Equations: 0, References: 36, Pages: 0
                Categories
                Original Article

                health belief model,cross infection,nurses,attitude of health personnel,control groups,randomized controlled trial,modelo de creencias sobre la salud,infección hospitalaria,enfermeras y enfermeros,actitud del personal de salud,grupos controles,ensayo clínico controlado aleatorio,modelo de crenças de saúde,infecção hospitalar,enfermeiras e enfermeiros,atitude do pessoal de saúde,grupos controle,ensaio clínico controlado aleatório

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