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      A system for efficient egress scheduling during mass events and small-scale experimental demonstration

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          Abstract

          Improvements in the design of pedestrian facilities have reduced the frequency of crowd accidents, and safety is now generally ensured in well-planned crowd events. However, congestion and inefficient use of infrastructures still remain an issue. To guarantee comfort and reduce close contacts between people, there are circumstances when crowd density may have to be reduced well below safety limits. Although research has given a lot of attention to extreme scenarios, methods to improve non-critical conditions have been little explored. In addition, crowd sensing technology is still mostly used for data collection and direct use on crowd management is rare. In this work, we present a system aimed at computing optimal egress time for groups of people leaving a complex facility. We show that, if egress starting time is accurately computed for each group based on actual crowd conditions, density can be greatly reduced without having a large effect on the total egress time of the whole crowd. To show the efficacy of such a system, a small-scale experiment is conducted where all components are tested in a simple scenario. As a result, an increase in total egress time by only 5% allowed to reduce maximum density by 35%.

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          Some consequences of de-individuation in a group.

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            The Intergroup Dynamics of Collective Empowerment: Substantiating the Social Identity Model of Crowd Behavior

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              Simulation of pedestrian dynamics using a two-dimensional cellular automaton

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                Author and article information

                Journal
                R Soc Open Sci
                R Soc Open Sci
                RSOS
                royopensci
                Royal Society Open Science
                The Royal Society
                2054-5703
                December 2020
                9 December 2020
                9 December 2020
                : 7
                : 12
                : 201465
                Affiliations
                [1 ]Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology, The University of Tokyo , 4-6-1 Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 153-8904, Japan
                [2 ]Department of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo , 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
                Author notes
                Author for correspondence: Claudio Feliciani e-mail: feliciani@ 123456g.ecc.u-tokyo.ac.jp
                [†]

                These authors are joint first authors.

                Electronic supplementary material is available online at https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.c.5221490.

                Author information
                http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1433-0524
                http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0718-8707
                Article
                rsos201465
                10.1098/rsos.201465
                7813256
                9f3babcd-62f5-4b1e-8c1b-7809d5445fdd
                © 2020 The Authors.

                Published by the Royal Society under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/, which permits unrestricted use, provided the original author and source are credited.

                History
                : 17 August 2020
                : 10 November 2020
                Funding
                Funded by: Japan Science and Technology Agency, http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100002241;
                Award ID: JPMJMI17D4
                Award ID: JPMJMI20D1
                Funded by: Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100001691;
                Award ID: JP20K14992
                Award ID: JP20K20143
                Categories
                1003
                44
                1004
                16
                1008
                6
                Mathematics
                Research Article
                Custom metadata
                December, 2020

                pedestrian traffic,crowd dynamics,egress,dynamic scheduling,pedestrian sensing,real-time simulation

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