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      Infección por el virus de la hepatitis C (HCV) en pacientes hemodializados seronegativos para anticuerpos anti-HCV Translated title: Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection in hemodialysed patients seronegative for anti-HCV antibodies

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          Abstract

          La infección por el virus de la hepatitis C (HCV) es común en pacientes hemodializados. Se evaluaron 43 sueros de pacientes de la Unidad de Diálisis “Dr. José Maza Carvajal” del Servicio Autónomo del Hospital Universitario “Antonio Patricio de Alcalá” (SAHUAPA), en Cumaná, estado Sucre. Se determinaron anticuerpos IgG séricos contra el HCV (anti-HCV) utilizando tres técnicas inmunoenzimáticas. Para amplificar la región 5’ no codificante (5’NC) se usó la técnica de transcripción reversa de la reacción en cadena de la polimerasa (RT-PCR), en muestras positivas y negativas para anti-HCV. La presencia de anticuerpos y RNA del HCV fue de 9,3% y la presencia de RNA del HCV en pacientes con anti-HCV negativos fue de 42%, lo cual representó una frecuencia de infección activa de 51%. Análisis filogenéticos de la región 5’NC evidenciaron que el genotipo 2 fue el más prevalente, en particular el subtipo 2b, seguido por el genotipo 1, mientras que en siete muestras no se logró identificar el subtipo. La presencia de un alto número de pacientes seronegativos e infectados con el HCV puede deberse al estado de inmunocompromiso de estos pacientes; de allí la importancia de la determinación de la viremia.

          Translated abstract

          Hepatitis C virus infection is common in hemodialysed patients. Sera from 43 patients from the Dialysis Unit “Dr. José Maza Carvajal” of the University Hospital “Antonio Patricio de Alcalá”, in Cumana, Sucre state, were evaluated. Antibodies against HCV (anti-HCV) were determined using three immunosorbent assays. The 5 ‘non-coding (5’NC) HCV region was amplified by RT-PCR in all samples. The presence of antibodies and HCV RNA was 9.3% and of HCV RNA in seronegative sera 42%, which represents a frequency of infection of 51%. Phylogenetic analysis of the 5’NC region showed that genotype 2 was the most frequently found, particularly due to subtype 2b, followed by genotype 1, while seven subtypes could not be determined. The presence of a high number of seronegative HCV-infected hemodialysed patients might be due to the immunocompromised condition of these patients; hence the importance of determining the viremia.

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          Analysis of a new hepatitis C virus type and its phylogenetic relationship to existing variants.

          Sequences obtained in the 5' non-coding region (5'NCR) of hepatitis C virus (HCV) were obtained from Scottish blood donors and compared with previously published HCV sequences. Phylogenetic analysis revealed the existence of three distinct groups of sequences; two of these corresponded to the recently described HCV types 1 and 2 variants, while viral sequences detected in around a third of the blood donors formed a separate phylogenetic group that probably represents infection with a novel virus species. Nucleotide sequences of this latter group differed from all previously published 5'NCR sequence variants by at least 9%. This new virus type also differed considerably from previously published variants in other regions of the viral genome (core, NS-3 and NS-5), with corrected nucleotide distances of 15, 43 and 49% respectively from the prototype HCV-1 sequence. Formal phylogenetic analysis of each of the coding regions confirmed that HCV type 1 variants could be clearly differentiated into regional variants (Far East and U.S.A./European), in contrast to the clearly overlapping geographical distributions of the main HCV types in U.K. blood donors. We discuss the evidence for and against the hypothesis that the three main phylogenetic groups identified in this study represent separate species of HCV.
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            Prevalence, genotypes and risk factors associated with hepatitis C virus infection in hemodialysis patients in Campo Grande, MS, Brazil.

            A survey was conducted among the hemodialysis units of the city of Campo Grande, located in the state of Mato Grosso do Sul in the Mid-west region of Brazil, with the aim of investigating the prevalence, risk factors, and genotypes of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. A total of 163 patients were interviewed in five dialysis units. Serum samples were screened for anti-HCV. Positive samples were tested for HCV RNA and genotyped. The prevalence of anti-HCV was 11% (95% CI: 6.8-17.1). A history of transfusion with blood that was not screened for anti-HCV and length of time on hemodialysis were associated with HCV infection. HCV RNA was detected in 12 samples: ten were of genotype 1, subtypes 1a (75%) and 1b (8.3%), and two were of genotype 3, subtype 3a (16.7%).
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              Epidemiología de la infección por el Virus de la hepatitis C en Perú y Latinoamérica

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                Author and article information

                Contributors
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                Journal
                rsvm
                Revista de la Sociedad Venezolana de Microbiología
                Rev. Soc. Ven. Microbiol.
                Organo Oficial de la Sociedad Venezolana de Microbiología.
                1315-2556
                November 2015
                : 35
                : 1
                : 51-55
                Article
                S1315-25562015000100011
                9fad2815-f1a7-4ab5-afdf-aeab8826e426

                http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

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                Product

                SciELO Venezuela

                Self URI (journal page): http://www.scielo.org.ve/scielo.php?script=sci_serial&pid=1315-2556&lng=en
                Categories
                MICROBIOLOGY

                Microbiology & Virology
                HCV,ELISA,RT-PCR,RNA,genotype,hemodialysis,genotipo,hemodiálisis
                Microbiology & Virology
                HCV, ELISA, RT-PCR, RNA, genotype, hemodialysis, genotipo, hemodiálisis

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