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      Ionic Conductive Gels for Optically Manipulatable Microwave Stealth Structures

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          Abstract

          Smart structures with manipulatable properties are highly demanded in many fields. However, there is a critical challenge in the pursuit of transparent windows that allow optical waves (wavelength of µm–nm) for transmitting while blocking microwave (wavelength of cm) in terms of absorbing electromagnetic energy, specifically for meeting the frequency requirement for the 5th generation (5G) mobile networks. For fundamentally establishing novel manipulatable microwave absorbing structures, here, new polymeric aqueous gels as both optically transparent materials and microwave absorbing materials are demonstrated, in which polar networks play significant roles in attenuating electromagnetic energy. By manipulating the hydrogen bonding networks, the resulting optically transparent solid‐state gels are able to offer the capabilities for absorbing microwaves. Interestingly, such gels can be switched into an optically opaque state via converting the amorphous state into a polycrystal state when the temperature is decreased. Such ionic conductive gels can endow the assembled sandwich windows with effective microwave absorbing capability in the range of 15–40 GHz, covering a branch of 5G frequency bands. The results highlight a new strategy for using ionic conductive gels to design and fabricate manipulatable microwave stealth structures for various applications.

          Abstract

          Novel transparent ionic conductive gels are developed to fabricate optically manipulatable microwave stealth structures, which can be employed as transparent windows while blocking microwaves in terms of absorbing electromagnetic energy. Such smart gels can endow the assembled windows with effective microwave absorbing capability in the range of 15–40 GHz, advancing smart windows with upgraded manipulatable capabilities and functions.

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          Author and article information

          Contributors
          mjchen81@bit.edu.cn
          lei123shuai@126.com
          chenhs@bit.edu.cn
          fangdn@bit.edu.cn
          Journal
          Adv Sci (Weinh)
          Adv Sci (Weinh)
          10.1002/(ISSN)2198-3844
          ADVS
          Advanced Science
          John Wiley and Sons Inc. (Hoboken )
          2198-3844
          27 November 2019
          January 2020
          : 7
          : 2 ( doiID: 10.1002/advs.v7.2 )
          : 1902162
          Affiliations
          [ 1 ] Institute of Advanced Structure Technology Beijing Institute of Technology Beijing 100081 P. R. China
          [ 2 ] Beijing Key Laboratory of Lightweight Multi‐Functional Composite Materials and Structures Beijing Institute of Technology Beijing 100081 P. R. China
          [ 3 ] School of Materials Science and Engineering Beijing Institute of Technology Beijing 100081 P. R. China
          [ 4 ] Key Laboratory of Space Utilization Technology and Engineering Center for space Utilization Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100094 China
          Author notes
          Author information
          https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4328-8919
          Article
          ADVS1438
          10.1002/advs.201902162
          6974938
          9fcbf970-b6bd-4999-8d3a-e177c4c16b62
          © 2019 The Authors. Published by WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim

          This is an open access article under the terms of the http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

          History
          : 15 August 2019
          : 06 October 2019
          Page count
          Figures: 6, Tables: 1, Pages: 9, Words: 5653
          Funding
          Funded by: Beijing Natural Science Foundation , open-funder-registry 10.13039/501100004826;
          Award ID: 2182065
          Funded by: National Natural Science Foundation of China , open-funder-registry 10.13039/501100001809;
          Award ID: 11872113
          Funded by: 973 Project
          Award ID: 2015CB932500
          Funded by: Key Laboratory of Space Utilization
          Funded by: Chinese Academy of Sciences , open-funder-registry 10.13039/501100002367;
          Award ID: LSU‐KFJJ‐2018‐04
          Categories
          Full Paper
          Full Papers
          Custom metadata
          2.0
          January 22, 2020
          Converter:WILEY_ML3GV2_TO_JATSPMC version:5.7.5 mode:remove_FC converted:22.01.2020

          dielectric materials,gels,optical structures,smart windows,transparent microwave absorbers

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