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      Dolor crónico en personas mayores institucionalizadas: influencia del apoyo social y de variables afectivas Translated title: Chronic pain in the elderly nursing home population: the influence of social support and affective variables

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          Abstract

          RESUMEN Objetivo: Analizar si la ansiedad es la variable de mayor peso específico en la sensación de dolor, así como establecer de una manera clara el papel que desempeñan las variables de clima social y de interacción social en el proceso de dolor. Metodología: La muestra seleccionada fue de 74 ancianos (37 manifestaban dolor crónico y 37 no). Se recogieron también de cada sujeto datos demográficos, clínicos y test psicológicos (cuestionario STAI y Escala de MOS). Resultados: Las mayores diferencias entre los sujetos que manifiestan tener o no tener dolor se encuentran en las variables de ansiedad y en la ansiedad rasgo. Existe una alta correlación negativa entre la ansiedad y el clima social. El apoyo emocional y el clima social general son las variables de clima que más correlacionan negativamente con la ansiedad. Para el grupo de personas con dolor, la variable tenencia de familiares cercanos es la que actúa concomitantemente con las variables de clima social. Conclusiones: Se demuestra que la ansiedad es el predictor más importante del grado en que un sujeto informa tener dolor. Se considera que determinados instrumentos de medida del clima social, como es el caso de la Escala de MOS, son de gran ayuda para predecir la aparición de dolor crónico, y que manipulando sus variables integrantes el personal de los equipos de salud puede disponer de formas útiles que ayuden a mejorar positivamente a las personas mayores en la mejora de su calidad de vida.

          Translated abstract

          ABSTRACT Objective: To analyse whether anxiety is the variable with the greatest specific weight in the sensation of pain, as well as to establish in a clear way the role that social climate and social interaction variables in the pain process. Methodology: The selected sample consisted of 74 elderly people (37 with chronic pain (37 had chronic pain and 37 did not). Demographic, clinical and and psychological tests (STAI questionnaire and MOS scale) were also collected from each subject. Results: The greatest differences between subjects who reported having or not having pain were found in the anxiety and trait anxiety variables. There is a high negative correlation between anxiety and social climate. Emotional support and general social climate are the climate variables that correlate most negatively with anxiety. For the group of people in pain, the variable having close relatives is the one that acts concomitantly with anxiety. Conclusions: Anxiety is shown to be the most important predictor of the degree to which a subject predictor of the degree to which a subject reports having pain. It is considered that certain instruments for measuring social climate, such as the MOS Scale, are the MOS Scale, are considered to be of great help in predicting the appearance of chronic pain, and that by manipulating its chronic pain, and that by manipulating its constituent variables, health team personnel can have ways to health care teams can have useful ways of helping to positively improve the elderly in the positively help older people to improve their quality of life.

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          Most cited references32

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          The MOS social support survey

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            Mini-Mental State Examination (MMS, MMSE) [Database record]

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              Literature review of pain prevalence among older residents of nursing homes.

              Pain is a common symptom among older residents of nursing homes and can lead to adverse effects such as a decrease in the activities of daily living and quality of life. Existing literature on the prevalence of pain among older residents of nursing homes was reviewed. Of the studies that were reviewed here, 27 met the criteria of this study, and these were selected for further analysis. These studies were published from 1990 to 2009. There was a slight increase in the number of studies on this topic from 2004 onwards. It was clear that older residents commonly suffer from pain and other serious problems related to pain. The prevalence of pain in these studies appeared to be related to the research methods and data sources used as well as to the time frame of pain detection. Therefore, the results of such prevalence studies should be interpreted cautiously. It was also reported that higher pain intensity led to greater limitations in the activities of daily living. Insufficient use of analgesics for treating residents with pain was often reported, particularly in residents with a low cognitive status. Health professionals should be aware of the serious issues related to pain among nursing home residents and the fundamental right to have pain assessed and treated to the greatest extent possible. Copyright © 2010 American Society for Pain Management Nursing. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                geroko
                Gerokomos
                Gerokomos
                Sociedad Española de Enfermería Geriátrica y Gerontológica (Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain )
                1134-928X
                2021
                : 32
                : 4
                : 224-229
                Affiliations
                [2] A Coruña Galicia orgnameUniversidade da Coruña Spain
                [3] Vigo Galicia orgnameUniversidade de Vigo orgdiv1Departamento de Enfermería Spain
                [1] Ourense Galicia orgnameUniversidade de Vigo orgdiv1Departamento de Análisis e intervención psicosocioeducativa Spain
                [4] A Coruña Galicia orgnameUniversidade da Coruña orgdiv1Departamento de Psicología Spain
                [5] Santiago de Compostela Galicia orgnameUniversidad de Santiago de Compostela orgdiv1Departamento de Enfermería Spain
                Article
                S1134-928X2021000500224 S1134-928X(21)03200400224
                a0074848-26c3-431f-9ab1-fcc4dcac3575

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 06 April 2020
                : 02 June 2020
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 32, Pages: 6
                Product

                SciELO Spain

                Categories
                Originales

                relaciones interpersonales,geriatric nursing,Dolor crónico,anciano,depresión emocional,enfermería geriátrica,Chronic pain,elderly,emotional depression,interpersonal relations

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