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      Problemas sanitarios de las majadas caprinas en los sistemas familiares de los valles calchaquies (Payogasta, Salta)

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          Abstract

          Resumen Una encuesta transversal se llevó a cabo en 35 unidades productivas familiares (UPF) del Municipio de Payogasta (Salta) con el objetivo de describir los problemas sanitarios de las majadas. Se recabaron datos del manejo y sanidad de los animales. Se procesaron sueros caprinos para diagnóstico de brucelosis por BPA y FA, de artritis-encefalitis (CAEV) y clamidiosis por ELISA indirecto, toxoplasmosis y neosporosis por IFI, leptospirosis por microaglutinación. En heces caninas se diagnosticó echinococcosis por coproELISA. Se determinaron valores de Cu, Zn, Mg y Ca sérico por espectofotometría de absorción atómica. Se realizó recuento de huevos de helmintos en heces (hpg) y su diferenciación por coprocultivo. En el 80,6% de las UPF se registró la ocurrencia de abortos y en el 73,3% la de ectima contagioso. El 84,8% de las UPF declararon problemas de mastitis y el 42,9% disturbios respiratorios graves en sus cabras. El porcentaje de UPF con seroprevalencia positiva a brucelosis fue de 2,9%, leptospirosis de 20%, clamidiosis de 66,7%, toxoplasmosis de 76,9%, neosporosis de 100% y CAEV de 26,7%. Los promedios de los hpg fueron en junio, julio y octubre de 318, 54 y 46 respectivamente, con Trichostrongylus y Haemonchus como nematodes predominantes. En el 51,4% de las majadas se recuperaron huevos de Fasciola hepatica. El 41,6% de las UPF tuvieron perros positivos a Echinococcus. Los promedios generales de cobre, zinc, magnesio y calcio séricos fueron respectivamente 0,78±0,13 ppm, 0,63±0,23 ppm, 1,96±0,25 mg/d y 12,2±0,9 mg/dl. Estos resultados, además de generar los primeros antecedentes, muestran la importancia de profundizar los estudios para incrementar la producción caprina y el bienestar de las familias productoras.

          Translated abstract

          Abstract A cross-sectional survey was performed in 35 family farming units (FFU) in the Municipality of Payogasta (Salta), with the aim of describing disease presence in their goat flocks. Data on goat management and health were recorded. Sera were processed to diagnose brucellosis using the BPA and FPA test, to caprine arthritis-encephalitis (CAEV) and chlamydiosis by indirect ELISA, toxoplasmosis and neosporosis by IDIF and leptospirosis by microagglutination test. Dog echinococcosis was diagnosed by coproantigen ELISA test. Serum Cu, Zn, Mg and Ca were determined by atomic absorption spectrophotometer. Fecal samples were taken for eggs counts per gram of feaces (epg) and identifying genera by coproculture. Abortions were recorded in 80.6% of the FFU. Contagious echtyma was detected in 73.3% of the FFU. Mastitis and respiratory disorders were recorded in 84.8% and 42.9% of the FFU respectively. FFU positive seroprevalence of brucellosis was 2.9%, leptospirosis 20%, clamidiosis 66.7%, toxoplasmosis 76.9%, neosporosis 100% and CAEV 26.7%. Mean epg were 318, 54 and 46 for June, July and October respectively, with Trichostrongylus and Haemonchus being the prevailing nematodes. Fasciola eggs were observed in 51.4% of the FFU. Positive dogs to Echinococcus were detected in 41.6% of the FFU. Mean serum cooper, zinc, magnesium and calcium per FFU were 0.78±0.13 ppm, 0.63±0.23 ppm, 1.96±0.25 mg/d y 12.2±0.9 mg/dl, respectively. These results show the importance of making studies about the health of flocks in order to increase goat production and smallholder family welfare.

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          Experimental caprine neosporosis: the influence of gestational stage on the outcome of infection

          Here, we assessed outcome of experimental infection by Neospora caninum in goats intravenously inoculated with 106 tachyzoites of the Nc-Spain7 isolate at 40 (G1), 90 (G2) and 120 (G3) days of gestation. Infected goats had fever between 5 and 9 days post inoculation (dpi); all were seropositive at the time of abortion/birth. Foetal death occurred in G1 from 10 to 21 dpi (n = 7) and in G2 from 27 to 35 dpi (n = 4). Goats in G2 also had seropositive stillbirth (n = 1) and healthy kids (n = 2). G3 goats (n = 7) had 3 seropositive and 3 seronegative weak kids, and 2 seronegative healthy kids. Parasite DNA detection in placentomes was 100% in G2, 85.7% in G3 and in G1 was detected only in placentomes from the goats with foetal losses from 17 dpi (100%). Parasites were detected in foetal/kid brain (>85.7%) and liver (≥50%) of G2 and G3, and in G1 after 17 dpi (100%). The highest parasite loads were detected in the placentomes of G1 from 17 dpi and G2, and in foetal tissues of G1 from 17 dpi and G3. Multifocal necrotic lesions were observed in the placentas of the three groups, but they were larger and more frequent in G1 and G2. Similar lesions were observed in foetal tissues, but they were more frequent in G3. These findings suggest that, as observed in cattle and sheep, the clinical consequences of N. caninum in pregnant goats are dependent in part on the time of gestation when animals were infected. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13567-016-0312-6) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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            Prácticas de manejo y presencia de en- fermedades en majadas caprinas de la región del chaco salteño

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              Presencia de enfermedades en majadas caprinas de las quebradas áridas de Jujuy y Salta.

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                Author and article information

                Journal
                favecv
                Revista FAVE. Sección Ciencias veterinarias
                FAVE, Secc. Cienc. vet.
                Universidad Nacional del Litoral (Santa Fe, Santa Fe, Argentina )
                2362-5589
                July 2020
                : 19
                : 2
                : 40-49
                Affiliations
                [12] orgnameInstituto Nacional de Enfermedades Infecciosas Argentina
                [1] Buenos Aires orgnameInstituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria Argentina
                [9] Buenos Aires orgnameInstituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria Argentina
                [4] Buenos Aires orgnameInstituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria Argentina
                [10] orgnameINTA Argentina
                [8] orgnameEstación Experimental Agropecuaria Salta Argentina
                [3] orgnameEstación Experimental Agropecuaria Salta Argentina
                [14] Buenos Aires orgnameUniversidad Nacional de La Plata Argentina
                [13] orgnameINTA Argentina
                [7] orgnameMunicipalidad de Payogasta Argentina
                [5] orgnameEstación Experimental Agropecuaria Salta Argentina
                [2] Buenos Aires orgnameInstituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria Argentina
                [11] orgnameINTA Argentina
                [6] Buenos Aires orgnameInstituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria Argentina
                Article
                S2362-55892020000200040 S2362-5589(20)01900200040
                a046adc6-514e-4b98-8b83-c5bbd120f876

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 23 July 2020
                : 16 April 2020
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 37, Pages: 10
                Product

                SciELO Argentina

                Categories
                Artículo original

                diseases,goat,survey,Valles Calchaquíes,agricultura familiar,enfermedades caprinas,Calchaquies Valleys,smallholder farming,encuesta

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