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      Paleoindian Colonization of the Americas: Implications from an Examination of Physiography, Demography, and Artifact Distribution

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      American Antiquity
      JSTOR

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          Abstract

          GIS-based, least-cost analyses employing continental scale elevation data, coupled with information on the late glacial location of ice sheets and pluvial lakes, suggest possible movement corridors used by initial human populations in colonizing the New World. These routes, demographic evidence, and the location of Paleoindian archaeological assemblages, support the possibility of a rapid spread and diversification of founding populations. Initial dispersal, these analyses suggest, would have been most likely in coastal and riverine settings, and on plains. The analyses suggest areas where evidence for early human settlement may be found in North and South America. In some cases, these areas have received little prior archaeological survey. The method can be used to explore patterns of human migration and interaction at a variety of geographic scales.

          Resumen

          En análisis del costo mínimo basado en el Sistem de Información Geografica (GIS) empleando datos en la escala de elevación continental, acoplado con información sobre las posiciónes de las extensiónes de capas de hielo y los lagos pluviales durante el periódo glacialfinale, sugiere los possible corredores de movimiento que las poblacidnes humanos iniciales probablemente usaron en la colonizión del Nuevo Mundo. Estas rutas, evidencia demográfico, y la localización del asambleas arqueológicas Paleo-Indios, sostiene la posibilidad de una desparramar rápido y la diversificación de las poblaciónes fundadoras. La dispersión initial, los análisis sugieren, fueron más probable en las locales costeros y ribereños, y también en llanos. Los análises sugieren áreas donde evidencia de la colonización por los humanos antiguos puedo ser encontrado en America del Norte y del Sur. En unos casos estas áreas han recibido poca evaluation arqueólogicas. Este método se puede usar para explorar los modelos de migración y interacción humano en una variedad de escalas geográficas.

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          The operated Markov´s chains in economy (discrete chains of Markov with the income)

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            INTCAL98 Radiocarbon Age Calibration, 24,000–0 cal BP

            The focus of this paper is the conversion of radiocarbon ages to calibrated (cal) ages for the interval 24,000–0 cal BP (Before Present, 0 cal BP = AD 1950), based upon a sample set of dendrochronologically dated tree rings, uranium-thorium dated corals, and varve-counted marine sediment. The14C age–cal age information, produced by many laboratories, is converted to Δ14C profiles and calibration curves, for the atmosphere as well as the oceans. We discuss offsets in measuredl4C ages and the errors therein, regional14C age differences, tree–coral14C age comparisons and the time dependence of marine reservoir ages, and evaluate decadalvs. single-year14C results. Changes in oceanic deepwater circulation, especially for the 16,000–11,000 cal BP interval, are reflected in the Δ14C values of INTCAL98.
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              A Long Pollen Record from Lowland Amazonia: Forest and Cooling in Glacial Times

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                Author and article information

                Journal
                American Antiquity
                Am. antiq.
                JSTOR
                0002-7316
                2325-5064
                January 2000
                January 20 2017
                January 2000
                : 65
                : 1
                : 43-66
                Article
                10.2307/2694807
                a04f65cc-58f1-4c00-a9dc-1f5bdc0d1e70
                © 2000

                https://www.cambridge.org/core/terms

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