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      • Record: found
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      Chitosan-Alginate Nanoparticles as a Novel Drug Delivery System for Nifedipine

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          Abstract

          Chitosan-alginate (CS/ALG) nanoparticles were prepared by ionotropic pre-gelation of an alginate core followed by chitosan polyelectrolyte complexation, nifedipine was chosen as a model drug. Morphology and structure characterization of nanoparticles were investigated by transmission electron microscope (TEM) and Fourier transform infrared spectra (FTIR), respectively. The diameter of the nanoparticles was about 20-50 nm, suitable for uptake within the gastrointestinal tract due to their nanosize range and mucoadhesive properties. A reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) method has been developed and validated for the determination of nifedipine in nanoparticulate dosage forms. In addition, the delivery behavior of nifedipine from nanoparticles was studied. Nifedipine released from chitosan-alginate nanoparticles was 26.52% at pH1.5, 69.69% at pH6.8 and 56.50% at pH7.4 within 24hour. This suggests that the release of nifedipine from nanoparticles was pH-responsive. Quick release occurred in simulated intestinal fluid (SIF, pH6.8) and phosphate buffer solution (pH7.4), while the release was slow in simulated gastric fluid (SGF, pH1.5). The release profile was characterized by an initial burst effect in three media, followed by a continuous and controlled release phase, the drug release mechanism from polymer was due to Fickian diffusion.

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          Most cited references36

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          Modeling of drug release from delivery systems based on hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC).

          J Siepmann, N A Peppas (2001)
          The objective of this article is to review the spectrum of mathematical models that have been developed to describe drug release from hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC)-based pharmaceutical devices. The major advantages of these models are: (i) the elucidation of the underlying mass transport mechanisms; and (ii) the possibility to predict the effect of the device design parameters (e.g., shape, size and composition of HPMC-based matrix tablets) on the resulting drug release rate, thus facilitating the development of new pharmaceutical products. Simple empirical or semi-empirical models such as the classical Higuchi equation and the so-called power law, as well as more complex mechanistic theories that consider diffusion, swelling and dissolution processes simultaneously are presented, and their advantages and limitations are discussed. Various examples of practical applications to experimental drug release data are given. The choice of the appropriate mathematical model when developing new pharmaceutical products or elucidating drug release mechanisms strongly depends on the desired or required predictive ability and accuracy of the model. In many cases, the use of a simple empirical or semi-empirical model is fully sufficient. However, when reliable, detailed information are required, more complex, mechanistic theories must be applied. The present article is a comprehensive review of the current state of the art of mathematical modeling drug release from HPMC-based delivery systems and discusses the crucial points of the most important theories.
          Article 0 comments Cited 277 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
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            Protein release from alginate matrices.

            W Gombotz (1998)
            There are a variety of both natural and synthetic polymeric systems that have been investigated for the controlled release of proteins. Many of the procedures employed to incorporate proteins into a polymeric matrix can be harsh and often cause denaturation of the active agent. Alginate, a naturally occurring biopolymer extracted from brown algae (kelp), has several unique properties that have enabled it to be used as a matrix for the entrapment and/or delivery of a variety of biological agents. Alginate polymers are a family of linear unbranched polysaccharides which contain varying amounts of 1,4'-linked beta-D-mannuronic acid and alpha-L-guluronic acid residues. The residues may vary widely in composition and sequence and are arranged in a pattern of blocks along the chain. Alginate can be ionically crosslinked by the addition of divalent cations in aqueous solution. The relatively mild gelation process has enabled not only proteins, but cells and DNA to be incorporated into alginate matrices with retention of full biological activity. Furthermore, by selection of the type of alginate and coating agent, the pore size, degradation rate, and ultimately release kinetics can be controlled. Gels of different morphologies can be prepared including large block matrices, large beads (>1 mm in diameter) and microbeads (<0.2 mm in diameter). In situ gelling systems have also been made by the application of alginate to the cornea, or on the surfaces of wounds. Alginate is a bioadhesive polymer which can be advantageous for the site specific delivery to mucosal tissues. All of these properties, in addition to the nonimmunogenicity of alginate, have led to an increased use of this polymer as a protein delivery system. This review will discuss the chemistry of alginate, its gelation mechanisms, and the physical properties of alginate gels. Emphasis will be placed on applications in which biomolecules have been incorporated into and released from alginate systems.
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              Analysis of Fickian and non-Fickian drug release from polymers.

              N A Peppas (1984)
              Article 0 comments Cited 128 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Journal ID (nlm-ta): Int J Biomed Sci
                Journal ID (iso-abbrev): Int J Biomed Sci
                Journal ID (publisher-id): IJBS
                Title: International Journal of Biomedical Science : IJBS
                Publisher: Master Publishing Group
                ISSN (Print): 1550-9702
                ISSN (Electronic): 1555-2810
                Publication date (Print): September 2008
                Volume: 4
                Issue: 3
                Pages: 221-228
                Affiliations
                [1 ] The Second Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China;
                [2 ] Pharmacy College of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China;
                [3 ] Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, China
                Author notes
                Corresponding author: Prof. Ping Li, The Second Hospital of Lanzhou University, Cuiying meng Road 82#, Lanzhou 730030, P. R. China. Tel: 86-931-8942043; Fax: 86-931-8463553; E-mail: gsliping@ 123456163.com .
                Article
                Publisher ID: IJBS-4-221
                DOI: 10.59566/IJBS.2008.4221
                PMC ID: 3614711
                PubMed ID: 23675094
                SO-VID: a0917e62-ba8a-4824-9286-dced8204cfde
                Copyright © © Ping Li et al. Licensee Master Publishing Group
                License:

                This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License ( http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.5/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.

                History
                Date received : 31 July 2008
                Date accepted : 11 August 2008
                Categories
                Subject: Article

                Keywords: chitosan,nifedipine,drug delivery system,hydrogels,nanoparticles
                Data availability:
                Keywords: chitosan, nifedipine, drug delivery system, hydrogels, nanoparticles

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