10
views
0
recommends
+1 Recommend
1 collections
    0
    shares
      • Record: found
      • Abstract: found
      • Article: found
      Is Open Access

      Mapping potentially avoidable premature mortality in Mexico: subnational, sex, and age group trends Translated title: Identificación de la mortalidad prematura potencialmente evitable en México: tendencias subnacionales, por sexo y grupo de edad Translated title: Mapeamento da mortalidade prematura potencialmente evitável no México: tendências subnacionais, por sexo e faixa etária

      research-article

      Read this article at

      ScienceOpenPublisherPMC
      Bookmark
          There is no author summary for this article yet. Authors can add summaries to their articles on ScienceOpen to make them more accessible to a non-specialist audience.

          Abstract:

          This study aimed to analyze the trends and disparities in preventable or treatable mortality rates among different age groups, sexes, and states in Mexico from 2000 to 2019. Using national data from 2000 to 2019, we examined potentially avoidable premature mortality (PAPM) rates, disaggregated into preventable and treatable deaths. Trends over time were visualized using the average annual percent change (AAPC) derived from joinpoint analysis. Subnational analysis was conducted to identify state-specific trends for each sex and age group. The national PAPM rate decreased from 297 deaths per 100,000 in 2000 to 281 per 100,000 in 2019. Potentially preventable premature mortality (PPPM) rates were more pronounced than potentially treatable premature mortality (PTPM) rates, with 170 deaths per 100,000 and 111 per 100,000, respectively. Sex-based disparities were observed particularly in the working-age population. Our analysis at the state level revealed significant differences in trends, as certain regions experienced reductions while others rises. These disparities became more evident when examining the different aspects of PAPM, especially in terms of PTPM. Our study highlights the differences in PAPM rates across age groups, sexes, and states in Mexico. Despite a general downward trend, upward trends were observed in the male working-age group. There was also wide variation among states, highlighting the need to use PAPM in conjunction with other health metrics for a holistic health analysis.

          Resumen:

          Este estudio tuvo como objetivo analizar las tendencias y disparidades en las tasas de mortalidad evitable o tratable en diferentes grupos de edad, sexo y estados de México en el período de 2000 a 2019. Con base en datos nacionales de 2000 a 2019, se analizaron las tasas de mortalidad prematura potencialmente evitable (MPPE), dividiéndolas en muertes evitables y tratables. Las tendencias a largo plazo se observaron mediante el cambio porcentual promedio anual (CPPA) obtenido del análisis de regresión joinpoint. Se realizó un análisis subnacional para identificar las tendencias específicas de cada estado por sexo y grupo de edad. La tasa nacional de MPPE disminuyó de 297 muertes por cada 100.000 en el año 2000 a 281 por cada 100.000 en el 2019. Las tasas de mortalidad prematura potencialmente prevenible (MPPP) fueron mayores que las de mortalidad prematura potencialmente tratable (MPPT), con 170 muertes por cada 100.000 y 111 por cada 100.000, respectivamente. Este análisis reveló variaciones sustanciales en las tendencias por estado, ya que algunas regiones tuvieron disminución mientras que otras un aumento. Estas disparidades se hicieron más evidentes cuando los aspectos de la MPPE se analizaron con más detalle, especialmente en términos de MPPT. Este estudio destaca las variaciones en las tasas de la MPPE entre grupo de edad, sexo y estados en México. A pesar de una tendencia general hacia el declive, se observaron tendencias al alza en la población masculina en edad de trabajar. Además, se observaron considerables variaciones entre estados, lo que muestra la necesidad de aplicar la MPPE en conjunto con otros indicadores de salud para realizar un análisis holístico de salud.

          Resumo:

          Este estudo teve como objetivo analisar as tendências e disparidades nas taxas de mortalidade evitável ou tratável em diferentes faixas etárias, sexos e estados do México de 2000 a 2019. Usando dados nacionais de 2000 a 2019, examinamos as taxas de mortalidade prematura potencialmente evitável (MPPE), dividindo-as entre mortes evitáveis e tratáveis. As tendências ao longo do tempo foram visualizadas usando a variação percentual média anual (VPMA) obtida a partir da análise de regressão joinpoint. Foi efectuada uma análise subnacional para identificar as tendências específicas de cada estado para cada sexo e faixa etária. A taxa nacional de MPPE diminuiu de 297 mortes a cada 100 mil em 2000 para 281 a cada 100 mil em 2019. As taxas de mortalidade prematura potencialmente prevenível (MPPP) foram mais acentuadas do que as mortalidade prematura potencialmente tratável (MPPT), com 170 mortes a cada 100 mil e 111 a cada 100 mil, respetivamente. A nossa análise a nível estatal revelou variações substanciais nas tendências, uma vez que certas regiões registaram reduções enquanto outras apresentaram aumentos. Essas disparidades tornaram-se mais evidentes quando os aspectos da MPPE foram analisados mais detalhadamente, especialmente em termos de MPPT. Nosso estudo destaca as variações nas taxas de MPPE entre faixas etárias, sexos e estados no México. Apesar de uma tendência geral para o declínio, foram observadas tendências de aumento na população masculina em idade ativa. Além disso, foram observadas variações consideráveis entre os estados, o que reforça a necessidade de aplicar a MPPE em conjunto com outros indicadores de saúde para efetuar uma análise holística da saúde.

          Related collections

          Most cited references38

          • Record: found
          • Abstract: found
          • Article: found
          Is Open Access

          Global burden of 369 diseases and injuries in 204 countries and territories, 1990–2019: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019

          Summary Background In an era of shifting global agendas and expanded emphasis on non-communicable diseases and injuries along with communicable diseases, sound evidence on trends by cause at the national level is essential. The Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) provides a systematic scientific assessment of published, publicly available, and contributed data on incidence, prevalence, and mortality for a mutually exclusive and collectively exhaustive list of diseases and injuries. Methods GBD estimates incidence, prevalence, mortality, years of life lost (YLLs), years lived with disability (YLDs), and disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) due to 369 diseases and injuries, for two sexes, and for 204 countries and territories. Input data were extracted from censuses, household surveys, civil registration and vital statistics, disease registries, health service use, air pollution monitors, satellite imaging, disease notifications, and other sources. Cause-specific death rates and cause fractions were calculated using the Cause of Death Ensemble model and spatiotemporal Gaussian process regression. Cause-specific deaths were adjusted to match the total all-cause deaths calculated as part of the GBD population, fertility, and mortality estimates. Deaths were multiplied by standard life expectancy at each age to calculate YLLs. A Bayesian meta-regression modelling tool, DisMod-MR 2.1, was used to ensure consistency between incidence, prevalence, remission, excess mortality, and cause-specific mortality for most causes. Prevalence estimates were multiplied by disability weights for mutually exclusive sequelae of diseases and injuries to calculate YLDs. We considered results in the context of the Socio-demographic Index (SDI), a composite indicator of income per capita, years of schooling, and fertility rate in females younger than 25 years. Uncertainty intervals (UIs) were generated for every metric using the 25th and 975th ordered 1000 draw values of the posterior distribution. Findings Global health has steadily improved over the past 30 years as measured by age-standardised DALY rates. After taking into account population growth and ageing, the absolute number of DALYs has remained stable. Since 2010, the pace of decline in global age-standardised DALY rates has accelerated in age groups younger than 50 years compared with the 1990–2010 time period, with the greatest annualised rate of decline occurring in the 0–9-year age group. Six infectious diseases were among the top ten causes of DALYs in children younger than 10 years in 2019: lower respiratory infections (ranked second), diarrhoeal diseases (third), malaria (fifth), meningitis (sixth), whooping cough (ninth), and sexually transmitted infections (which, in this age group, is fully accounted for by congenital syphilis; ranked tenth). In adolescents aged 10–24 years, three injury causes were among the top causes of DALYs: road injuries (ranked first), self-harm (third), and interpersonal violence (fifth). Five of the causes that were in the top ten for ages 10–24 years were also in the top ten in the 25–49-year age group: road injuries (ranked first), HIV/AIDS (second), low back pain (fourth), headache disorders (fifth), and depressive disorders (sixth). In 2019, ischaemic heart disease and stroke were the top-ranked causes of DALYs in both the 50–74-year and 75-years-and-older age groups. Since 1990, there has been a marked shift towards a greater proportion of burden due to YLDs from non-communicable diseases and injuries. In 2019, there were 11 countries where non-communicable disease and injury YLDs constituted more than half of all disease burden. Decreases in age-standardised DALY rates have accelerated over the past decade in countries at the lower end of the SDI range, while improvements have started to stagnate or even reverse in countries with higher SDI. Interpretation As disability becomes an increasingly large component of disease burden and a larger component of health expenditure, greater research and development investment is needed to identify new, more effective intervention strategies. With a rapidly ageing global population, the demands on health services to deal with disabling outcomes, which increase with age, will require policy makers to anticipate these changes. The mix of universal and more geographically specific influences on health reinforces the need for regular reporting on population health in detail and by underlying cause to help decision makers to identify success stories of disease control to emulate, as well as opportunities to improve. Funding Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation.
            Bookmark
            • Record: found
            • Abstract: found
            • Article: not found

            What does 'access to health care' mean?

            Facilitating access is concerned with helping people to command appropriate health care resources in order to preserve or improve their health. Access is a complex concept and at least four aspects require evaluation. If services are available and there is an adequate supply of services, then the opportunity to obtain health care exists, and a population may 'have access' to services. The extent to which a population 'gains access' also depends on financial, organisational and social or cultural barriers that limit the utilisation of services. Thus access measured in terms of utilisation is dependent on the affordability, physical accessibility and acceptability of services and not merely adequacy of supply. Services available must be relevant and effective if the population is to 'gain access to satisfactory health outcomes'. The availability of services, and barriers to access, have to be considered in the context of the differing perspectives, health needs and material and cultural settings of diverse groups in society. Equity of access may be measured in terms of the availability, utilisation or outcomes of services. Both horizontal and vertical dimensions of equity require consideration. Copyright The Royal Society of Medicine Press Ltd 2002.
              Bookmark
              • Record: found
              • Abstract: found
              • Article: not found
              Is Open Access

              Trends in premature avertable mortality from non-communicable diseases for 195 countries and territories, 1990–2017: a population-based study

              The reduction by a third of premature non-communicable disease (NCD) mortality by 2030 is the ambitious target of Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 3.4. However, the indicator is narrowly defined, including only four major NCDs (cardiovascular diseases, cancer, diabetes, and chronic respiratory diseases) and only for people aged 30-70 years. This study focuses on premature avertable mortality from NCDs-premature deaths caused by NCDs that could be prevented through effective public policies and health interventions or amenable to high-quality health care-to assess trends at global, regional, and national levels using estimates from the Global Burden of Disease, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) 2017.
                Bookmark

                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Role: contributed with the study designRole: data analysis, writingRole: approved the final version
                Role: contributed with the study designRole: data analysis, reviewRole: approved the final version
                Role: contributed with the study designRole: data analysis, reviewRole: approved the final version
                Role: contributed with the study designRole: data analysis, reviewRole: approved the final version
                Journal
                Cad Saude Publica
                Cad Saude Publica
                csp
                Cadernos de Saúde Pública
                Escola Nacional de Saúde Pública Sergio Arouca, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz
                0102-311X
                1678-4464
                26 August 2024
                2024
                : 40
                : 7
                : e00178723
                Affiliations
                [1 ] Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Cuidad de México, México.
                [2 ] Programa de Maestría y Doctorado en Ciencias Médicas, Odontológicas y de la Salud, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Cuidad de México, México.
                [3 ] Programa Universitario de Estudios del Desarrollo, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Cuidad de México, México.
                [4 ] Centro de Estudios Económicos y Sociales en Salud, Hospital Infantil de México Federico Gómez, Cuidad de México, México.
                Author notes
                [Correspondence ] J. P. Gutiérrez Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México. Cto. Centro Cultural s/n, Ciudad de México 04510, México. jpgutierrez@ 123456unam.mx

                Additional information: ORCID: Andrés Castañeda Prado (0000-0002-0197-6764); Iliana Yaschine Arroyo (0000-0002-9409-6394); Guillermo Salinas-Escudero (0000-0003-4573-4844); Juan Pablo Gutiérrez (0000-0002-0557-5562).

                Author information
                https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0197-6764
                https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9409-6394
                https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4573-4844
                https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0557-5562
                Article
                01413
                10.1590/0102-311XEN178723
                11349279
                a167be78-c641-4e56-a380-2652186152b9

                This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License

                History
                : 04 October 2023
                : 13 March 2024
                : 11 April 2024
                Page count
                Figures: 4, Tables: 1, Equations: 3, References: 32
                Funding
                Funded by: CONAHCYT
                Award ID: 630872
                Categories
                Article

                premature mortality,healthcare disparities,socioeconomic factors,mortalidad prematura,disparidades en atención de salud,factores socioeconómicos,mortalidade prematura,disparidades em assistência à saúde,fatores socioeconômicos

                Comments

                Comment on this article