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      Good intentions and dangerous assumptions: Research ethics committees and illicit drug use research

      1 , 1
      Research Ethics
      SAGE Publications

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          The limitations of "vulnerability" as a protection for human research participants.

          Vulnerability is one of the least examined concepts in research ethics. Vulnerability was linked in the Belmont Report to questions of justice in the selection of subjects. Regulations and policy documents regarding the ethical conduct of research have focused on vulnerability in terms of limitations of the capacity to provide informed consent. Other interpretations of vulnerability have emphasized unequal power relationships between politically and economically disadvantaged groups and investigators or sponsors. So many groups are now considered to be vulnerable in the context of research, particularly international research, that the concept has lost force. In addition, classifying groups as vulnerable not only stereotypes them, but also may not reliably protect many individuals from harm. Certain individuals require ongoing protections of the kind already established in law and regulation, but attention must also be focused on characteristics of the research protocol and environment that present ethical challenges.
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            Bereaved parents’ experience of research participation

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              The risks and benefits of participating in trauma-focused research studies.

              Concern about minimizing harm and maximizing benefit has been particularly acute with regard to the scientific study of individuals exposed to potentially traumatic events such as terrorist attack or disaster. This review outlines conceptual and practical issues and summarizes available evidence regarding potential risks and benefits of participation in trauma-related research. Current, limited evidence suggests that most individuals make favorable cost-benefit appraisals regarding their participation. Although a subset of participants report strong negative emotions or unanticipated distress, the majority of these do not regret or negatively evaluate the overall experience. Continuing efforts are needed to identify individuals at risk for unfavorable reactions to research participation. A systematic empirical approach to evaluating participant experience in all human research is recommended.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Research Ethics
                Research Ethics
                SAGE Publications
                1747-0161
                2047-6094
                December 04 2012
                December 2012
                December 04 2012
                December 2012
                : 8
                : 4
                : 191-199
                Affiliations
                [1 ]University of British Columbia, Canada
                Article
                10.1177/1747016112461731
                a18bbb8f-73bc-4c6f-84c8-95f5b889a020
                © 2012

                http://journals.sagepub.com/page/policies/text-and-data-mining-license

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