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Anti-retroviral drugs: current state and development in the next decade

review-article

Author(s): Xingquan Zhang

Publication date (Electronic): 07 March 2018

Journal: Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica. B

Publisher: Elsevier

Keywords: Antiretroviral drugs, Long-acting formulations, Attachment inhibitors, Maturation inhibitors, Nanomedicine

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Abstract

The pace of discovery of new antiretroviral (ARV) drugs has slowed, although the efficacy and safety of once-daily fixed dose combinations have been extensively investigated. Several traditional ARV drugs remain in phase III clinical trials. This review summarizes current information on ARV drugs in phase III clinical trials and focuses on the development of ARV drugs in the next decade.

Graphical abstract

This review summarizes current information on antiretroviral (ARV) drugs in phase III clinical trials and focuses on the development of ARV drugs in the next decade.

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Most cited references 30

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Frequent detection and isolation of cytopathic retroviruses (HTLV-III) from patients with AIDS and at risk for AIDS.

T J Palker, Boris Popović, M. Salahuddin … (1984)

Peripheral blood lymphocytes from patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) or with signs or symptoms that frequently precede AIDS (pre-AIDS) were grown in vitro with added T-cell growth factor and assayed for the expression and release of human T-lymphotropic retroviruses (HTLV). Retroviruses belonging to the HTLV family and collectively designated HTLV-III were isolated from a total of 48 subjects including 18 of 21 patients wih pre-AIDS, three of four clinically normal mothers of juveniles with AIDS, 26 of 72 adult and juvenile patients with AIDS, and from one of 22 normal male homosexual subjects. No HTLV-III was detected in or isolated from 115 normal heterosexual subjects. The number of HTLV-III isolates reported here underestimates the true prevalence of the virus since many specimens were received in unsatisfactory condition. Other data show that serum samples from a high proportion of AIDS patients contain antibodies to HTLV-III. That these new isolates are members of the HTLV family but differ from the previous isolates known as HTLV-I and HTLV-II is indicated by their morphological, biological, and immunological characteristics. These results and those reported elsewhere in this issue suggest that HTLV-III may be the primary cause of AIDS.

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Pneumocystis pneumonia--Los Angeles.

(1981)

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Kaposi's sarcoma and Pneumocystis pneumonia among homosexual men--New York City and California.

(1981)

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Author and article information

Contributors

Xingquan Zhang

Journal

Journal ID (nlm-ta): Acta Pharm Sin B

Journal ID (iso-abbrev): Acta Pharm Sin B

Title: Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica. B

Publisher: Elsevier

ISSN (Print): 2211-3835

ISSN (Electronic): 2211-3843

Publication date PMC-release: 07 March 2018

Publication date (Print): March 2018

Publication date (Electronic): 07 March 2018

Volume: 8

Issue: 2

Pages: 131-136

Affiliations

[0005]Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, CA 92093, USA

Article

Publisher ID: S2211-3835(18)30078-9

DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2018.01.012

PMC ID: 5925449

PubMed ID: 29719774

SO-VID: a191418b-4a6c-4ed2-8615-be8dfa32957c

Copyright © © 2018 Chinese Pharmaceutical Association and Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences. Production and hosting by Elsevier B.V.

License:

This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).

History

Date received : 2 December 2017

Date revision received : 12 January 2018

Date accepted : 21 January 2018

Categories

Subject: Review Article

Keywords: antiretroviral drugs,long-acting formulations,attachment inhibitors,maturation inhibitors,nanomedicine

Data availability:

Keywords: antiretroviral drugs, long-acting formulations, attachment inhibitors, maturation inhibitors, nanomedicine

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