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      Sevoflurano e desflurano sobre o ritmo cardíaco de cães tratados com infusão contínua de doses crescentes de adrenalina Translated title: Sevoflurane and desflurane in cardiac rhythm of dogs treated with increasing doses of epinephrine

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          Abstract

          Os anestésicos inalatórios sensibilizam o miocárdio ou seu sistema de condução à ação das catecolaminas endógenas e/ou exógenas, predispondo o animal às arritmias cardíacas. Dentre os anestésicos voláteis, o sevoflurano e o desflurano são fármacos relativamente recentes e, embora sejam dotados de características relacionadas a não sensibilização do miocárdio às catecolaminas, desconhecem-se estudos que comparem suas eventuais propriedades antiarritmogênicas. Com o objetivo de estudar, comparativamente, o comportamento do ritmo cardíaco e observar eventuais bloqueios atrioventriculares em cães anestesiados pelo sevoflurano e desflurano e submetidos à infusão contínua de adrenalina, foram utilizados 20 animais adultos, os quais foram separados em dois grupos de igual número (G1 e G2). Aos cães do G1, foi administrado propofol, na dose média de 10mmg.kg-1; em seguida os animais receberam sevoflurano, a 1,5CAM. Decorridos 30 minutos do início da administração do anestésico volátil, iniciou-se a infusão de adrenalina na dose de 1mmg.kg-1.min-1. A cada 10 minutos, a dose da catecolamina foi acrescida em uma unidade, cessando-se a administração em 6mmg.kg-1.min-1. Para o G2, empregou-se a mesma metodologia, substituindo-se o sevoflurano pelo desflurano, administrado a 1,5CAM. A cada dose de adrenalina, foi feita contagem de batimentos ventriculares ectópicos, bem como a observação de bloqueios atrioventriculares. Os achados foram tratados pelos métodos estatísticos de Análise de Perfil e Kruskall-Wallis. Os resultados permitiram concluir que o desflurano minimiza de maneira mais eficiente a arritmia induzida pela adrenalina, além de reduzir a incidência de bloqueios atrioventriculares.

          Translated abstract

          The volatile anesthetics increase the sensibility of the myocardium or its conduction system to the action of endogenous and/or exogenous epinephrine, predisposing the animal to cardiac arrhythmias. Among the volatile anesthetics, sevoflurane and desflurane are quite recent drugs and even though they have antiarrhythmogenic characteristics, there aren’t studies comparing these properties. The aim of this work was to study comparatively the cardiac rhythm and observe occasional atrioventricular blockages in dogs anesthetized with desflurane and sevoflurane, receiving increasing doses of epinephrine. 20 healthy adult male and female mongrel dogs were used. The animals were separated in two groups (G1 and G2). In G1, anesthesia was induced with propofol (10mmg-1.kg-1IV) and maintained with sevoflurane (1.5 MAC). Thirty minutes after the begin of volatile anesthetic administration, the epinephrine infusion was initiated at a dose of 1mmg.kg-1.min-1. At each 10 minutes the dose was increased in 1mmg.kg-1.min-1 until 6mmg.kg-1.min-1. For G2, the same methodology was used, except that sevoflurane was replaced by desflurane (1.5 MAC). At each epinephrine dose, the non-sinusal cardiac beats were counted and the occurrence of atrioventricular blockages was evaluated. The numerical data were submitted to Profile analysis and Kruskall-Wallis. The results allow to conclude that desflurane reduces in a more efficient way the arrhythmia produced by epinephrine and also the occurrence of atrioventricular blockages.

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          Most cited references28

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          Multivariate satatistical methods

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            Análise de medidas repetidas em experimentos biológicos

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              Effects of sevoflurane and isoflurane on cardiac and coronary dynamics in chronically instrumented dogs.

              To assess the hemodynamic properties of the new inhalational anesthetic sevoflurane, 22 dogs were chronically instrumented for measurement of heart rate, aortic, left ventricular and left atrial pressures, cardiac output, and coronary blood flow. Dogs were randomly assigned to two groups, receiving either 1.2 and 2 MAC of sevoflurane (n = 11) or isoflurane (n = 11). At 1.2 and 2 MAC, sevoflurane produced an increase in heart rate (+60 +/- 12% and +54 +/- 9%, respectively), dose-dependent aortic hypotension (-22 +/- 4% and -38 +/- 4%, respectively), systemic vasodilation (-22 +/- 5% and -19 +/- 5%, respectively), dose-dependent decrease in stroke volume (-31 +/- 6% and -48 +/- 4%, respectively), and left ventricular dP/dt (-40 +/- 4% and -61 +/- 10%, respectively). Cardiac output decreased only at 2 MAC (-17 +/- 6%). Finally, coronary blood flow increased at 1.2 MAC of sevoflurane (+29 +/- 8%). Except for heart rate, sevoflurane and isoflurane produced similar effects. At 1.2 MAC, sevoflurane produced a greater increase in heart rate than isoflurane (+60 +/- 12% vs. +33 +/- 9%). The authors conclude that, except for heart rate, the effects of sevoflurane on cardiac function and coronary blood flow are almost identical to those induced by isoflurane in the chronically instrumented dog.
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Journal
                cr
                Ciência Rural
                Cienc. Rural
                Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (Santa Maria )
                1678-4596
                February 2004
                : 34
                : 1
                : 125-130
                Affiliations
                [1 ] Universidade Estadual Paulista Brazil
                [2 ] Universidade Estadual Paulista Brazil
                Article
                S0103-84782004000100019
                10.1590/S0103-84782004000100019
                a1e6bb6d-0e82-4ae9-b5c6-b6af94a30403

                http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

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                SciELO Brazil

                Self URI (journal page): http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_serial&pid=0103-8478&lng=en
                Categories
                AGRONOMY

                Horticulture
                arrhythmia,epinephrine,desflurane,sevoflurane,arritmia,adrenalina,desflurano,sevoflurano
                Horticulture
                arrhythmia, epinephrine, desflurane, sevoflurane, arritmia, adrenalina, desflurano, sevoflurano

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