5
views
0
recommends
+1 Recommend
0 collections
    0
    shares
      • Record: found
      • Abstract: found
      • Article: found
      Is Open Access

      “Study Natural” without Drugs: An Exploratory Study of Theory-Guided and Tailored Health Campaign Interventions to Prevent Nonmedical Use of Prescription Stimulants in College Students

      research-article

      Read this article at

      Bookmark
          There is no author summary for this article yet. Authors can add summaries to their articles on ScienceOpen to make them more accessible to a non-specialist audience.

          Abstract

          Nonmedical use of prescription stimulants (NMUPS) among college students continues to rise. While some anti-NMUPS campaigns are available, little is known about the campaign development process and how well college students evaluate these messages. To bridge this gap, we developed theory-guided anti-NMUPS campaign interventions that are tailored to college students’ characteristics and evaluated students’ response towards them. A total of 445 college students (74.4% female; Mean age of 20; 18 to 35 years old) reviewed the campaign interventions and offered their evaluation via an online survey. Findings indicate that students responded to the campaigns positively. Results also indicate that female students are more likely to perceive the campaigns as effective than their male counterparts. Overall, the findings of this study suggest that theory-guided and tailored anti-NMUPS campaigns have great potential in changing students’ attitudes and behavior towards NMUPS. While this study fills critical gaps in the literature, considering the progress needed to strengthen the research field, more research is needed to further identify effective strategies that could prevent college students’ participation in NMUPS activities.

          Related collections

          Most cited references85

          • Record: found
          • Abstract: found
          • Article: not found

          A 10-year retrospective of research in health mass media campaigns: where do we go from here?

          Seth Noar (2005)
          Mass media campaigns have long been a tool for promoting public health. How effective are such campaigns in changing health-related attitudes and behaviors, however, and how has the literature in this area progressed over the past decade? The purpose of the current article is threefold. First, I discuss the importance of health mass media campaigns and raise the question of whether they are capable of effectively impacting public health. Second, I review the literature and discuss what we have learned about the effectiveness of campaigns over the past 10 years. Finally, I conclude with a discussion of possible avenues for the health campaign literature over the next 10 years. The overriding conclusion is the following: The literature is beginning to amass evidence that targeted, well-executed health mass media campaigns can have small-to-moderate effects not only on health knowledge, beliefs, and attitudes, but on behaviors as well, which can translate into major public health impact given the wide reach of mass media. Such impact can only be achieved, however, if principles of effective campaign design are carefully followed.
            Bookmark
            • Record: found
            • Abstract: found
            • Article: not found

            Non-medical use of prescription stimulants among US college students: prevalence and correlates from a national survey.

            To examine the prevalence rates and correlates of non-medical use of prescription stimulants (Ritalin, Dexedrine or Adderall) among US college students in terms of student and college characteristics. A self-administered mail survey. One hundred and nineteen nationally representative 4-year colleges in the United States. A representative sample of 10 904 randomly selected college students in 2001. Self-reports of non-medical use of prescription stimulants and other substance use behaviors. The life-time prevalence of non-medical prescription stimulant use was 6.9%, past year prevalence was 4.1% and past month prevalence was 2.1%. Past year rates of non-medical use ranged from zero to 25% at individual colleges. Multivariate regression analyses indicated non-medical use was higher among college students who were male, white, members of fraternities and sororities and earned lower grade point averages. Rates were higher at colleges located in the north-eastern region of the US and colleges with more competitive admission standards. Non-medical prescription stimulant users were more likely to report use of alcohol, cigarettes, marijuana, ecstasy, cocaine and other risky behaviors. The findings of the present study provide evidence that non-medical use of prescription stimulants is more prevalent among particular subgroups of US college students and types of colleges. The non-medical use of prescription stimulants represents a high-risk behavior that should be monitored further and intervention efforts are needed to curb this form of drug use.
              Bookmark
              • Record: found
              • Abstract: found
              • Article: not found

              Illicit use of specific prescription stimulants among college students: prevalence, motives, and routes of administration.

              To explore the illicit use of specific prescription stimulants among college students and add to our understanding of reasons (motives) and routes of administration associated with illicit use of these drugs. A random sample of 4580 college students self-administered a Web-based survey. The survey contained a variety of items pertaining to the illicit use of prescription stimulants. An extensive list of prescription stimulants was provided, and students were asked to select all the specific prescription stimulants that they had used illicitly. Items were also included to assess the motives and routes of administration associated with illicit use of prescription stimulants. Lifetime and past-year prevalence rates for illicit use of prescription stimulants were 8.3% (382 students) and 5.9% (269 students), respectively. Approximately three fourths (75.8%) of the 269 past-year illicit users of prescription stimulants reported using an amphetamine-dextroamphetamine combination agent (e.g., Adderall) in the past year, and approximately one fourth (24.5%) reported using methylphenidate (e.g., Ritalin, Concerta, Metadate, Methylin). Past-year illicit use of prescription stimulants was more than 3 times more likely among Caucasians (odds ratio [OR] 3.1, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.5-6.6) and Hispanics (OR 3.8, 95% CI 1.6-9.3) compared with African-Americans, and more than twice as likely among Caucasians (OR 2.1, 95% CI 1.3-3.4) and Hispanics (OR 2.6, 95% CI 1.4-5.1) compared with Asians. The most commonly reported motives for illicit use were to help with concentration (65.2%), help study (59.8%), and increase alertness (47.5%). Other motives included getting high (31.0%) and experimentation (29.9%). Nearly every illicit user (95.3%) reported oral administration, and 38.1% reported snorting prescription stimulants. Illicit use of amphetamine-dextroamphetamine is more prevalent than illicit use of methylphenidate formulations among college students.
                Bookmark

                Author and article information

                Journal
                Int J Environ Res Public Health
                Int J Environ Res Public Health
                ijerph
                International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
                MDPI
                1661-7827
                1660-4601
                19 June 2020
                June 2020
                : 17
                : 12
                : 4421
                Affiliations
                [1 ]School of Nursing, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
                [2 ]Center on Smart and Connected Health Technologies, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
                [3 ]Mays Cancer Center, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
                [4 ]Stan Richards School of Advertising & Public Relations, Moody College of Communication, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78702, USA; mackert@ 123456utexas.edu
                [5 ]Department of Population Health, Dell Medical School, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78702, USA
                [6 ]Center for Health Communication, Moody College of Communication, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78702, USA
                [7 ]Program of Public Relations and Advertising, Beijing Normal University-Hong Kong Baptist University United International College, Zhuhai 519087, China; xiaoshan.li@ 123456utexas.edu
                [8 ]Department of Telecommunications, Ball State University, Muncie, IN 47306, USA; jhan@ 123456bsu.edu
                [9 ]Center for Health Communication, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78702, USA; brittani@ 123456utexas.edu
                [10 ]Brand Creative, The Richards Group, Inc., Dallas, TX 75204, USA; benwyeth@ 123456gmail.com
                Author notes
                [* ]Correspondence: szh@ 123456utexas.edu
                Author information
                https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2005-9504
                Article
                ijerph-17-04421
                10.3390/ijerph17124421
                7344622
                32575519
                a26e772f-901e-4049-8825-b1b31a09b885
                © 2020 by the authors.

                Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license ( http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

                History
                : 29 April 2020
                : 15 June 2020
                Categories
                Article

                Public health
                campaign interventions,nonmedical use of prescription stimulants,nmups,theory-guided,tailored,college students,social norms,persuasive strategies

                Comments

                Comment on this article