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      Actividad relajante del músculo esquelético de diferentes formulaciones de niosomas span 60 Translated title: Skeletal muscle relaxant activity of different formulation of span 60 niosomes

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          Abstract

          Abstract Introduction: Spasticity is a disease of motor neurons that manifests as accelerated muscle tone and stiffness. The niosomes can be formulated with the aid of proper adjustment of process parameters to enhance baclofen entrapment and sustaining the drug release. Method: The main purpose of this study is to compare different formulations of span 60 niosomes containing baclofen for skeletal muscle relaxant activity on mice (Swiss albino mice) by rota rod method. Results: The particle size of formulated niosomes was in the range of 3.62±0.54-4.08±0.64 µm and these were smooth, circular fit and generally small multilamellar. Entrapment efficiency of optimized formulation was 88.44±0.28 %. The most extreme % cumulative drug release was 87.88±8.66% after 10 h. The formulation stored at 4±2 °C temperature shows better stability (96.65±0.45) contrasted with raised temperature. Swiss albino mice were utilized for in vivo study and displayed improved muscle relaxant action as far as no. of tumbles from rota rod apparatus (p value =0.001) are concerned. Conclusions: Nonetheless, diazepam treated mice were observed to have higher muscle relaxation than any dose of formulation tested. The formulation F9 shows better skeletal muscle relaxant activity as compared to F6, F7, F8 and F10 on mice (Swiss albino mice) by the rota rod technique.

          Translated abstract

          Resumen Introducción: La espasticidad es una enfermedad de las neuronas motoras que se manifiesta como aceleración del tono muscular y rigidez. Los niosomas se pueden formular con la ayuda de un ajuste adecuado de los parámetros del proceso para mejorar el atrapamiento del baclofeno y mantener la liberación del fármaco. Método: El objetivo principal de este estudio es comparar diferentes formulaciones de niosomas span 60 que contienen baclofeno para la actividad relajante del músculo esquelético en ratones (ratones albinos suizos) mediante el método de rota rod. Resultados: El tamaño de partícula de los niosomas formulados estaba en el rango de 3,62 ± 0,54-4,08 ± 0,64 µm y eran suaves, de ajuste circular y generalmente multilaminares pequeños. La eficiencia de atrapamiento de la formulación optimizada fue 88,44 ± 0,28%. El porcentaje de liberación acumulada de fármaco más extremo fue 87,88 ± 8,66% después de 10 h. La formulación almacenada a una temperatura de 4 ± 2 ° C muestra una mejor estabilidad (96,65 ± 0,45) en comparación con la temperatura elevada. Se utilizaron ratones albinos suizos para el estudio in vivo y mostraron una acción relajante muscular mejorada hasta donde no. de caídas desde el aparato de varilla de rotación (valor de p = 0,001). Conclusiones: No obstante, se observó que los ratones tratados con diazepam tenían una mayor relajación muscular que cualquier dosis de formulación probada. La formulación F9 muestra una mejor actividad relajante del músculo esquelético en comparación con F6, F7, F8 y F10 en ratones (ratones albinos suizos) mediante la técnica de rota rod.

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          Most cited references34

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          Advances of Non-Ionic Surfactant Vesicles (Niosomes) and Their Application in Drug Delivery

          Non-Ionic surfactant based vesicles, also known as niosomes, have attracted much attention in pharmaceutical fields due to their excellent behavior in encapsulating both hydrophilic and hydrophobic agents. In recent years, it has been discovered that these vesicles can improve the bioavailability of drugs, and may function as a new strategy for delivering several typical of therapeutic agents, such as chemical drugs, protein drugs and gene materials with low toxicity and desired targeting efficiency. Compared with liposomes, niosomes are much more stable during the formulation process and storage. The required pharmacokinetic properties can be achieved by optimizing components or by surface modification. This novel delivery system is also easy to prepare and scale up with low production costs. In this paper, we summarize the structure, components, formulation methods, quality control of niosome and its applications in chemical drugs, protein drugs and gene delivery.
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            Niosome: A future of targeted drug delivery systems

            Over the past several years, treatment of infectious diseases and immunisation has undergone a revolutionary shift. With the advancement of biotechnology and genetic engineering, not only a large number of disease-specific biological have been developed, but also emphasis has been made to effectively deliver these biologicals. Niosomes are vesicles composed of non-ionic surfactants, which are biodegradable, relatively nontoxic, more stable and inexpensive, an alternative to liposomes. This article reviews the current deepening and widening of interest of niosomes in many scientific disciplines and, particularly its application in medicine. This article also presents an overview of the techniques of preparation of niosome, types of niosomes, characterisation and their applications.
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              Effect of liposomes and niosomes on skin permeation of enoxacin.

              The skin permeation and partitioning of a fluorinated quinolone antibacterial agent, enoxacin, in liposomes and niosomes, after topical application, were elucidated in the present study. In vitro percutaneous absorption experiments were performed on nude mouse skin with Franz diffusion cells. The influence of vesicles on the physicochemical property and stability of the formulations were measured. The enhanced delivery across the skin of liposome and niosome encapsulated enoxacin had been observed after selecting the appropriate formulations. The optimized formulations could also reserve a large amount of enoxacin in the skin. A significant relationship between skin permeation and the cumulative amount of enoxacin in the skin was observed. Both permeation enhancer effect and direct vesicle fusion with stratum corneum may contribute to the permeation of enoxacin across skin. Formulation with niosomes demonstrated a higher stability after 48 h incubation compared to liposomes. The inclusion of cholesterol improved the stability of enoxacin liposomes according to the results from encapsulation and turbidity. However, adding negative charges reduced the stability of niosomes. The ability of liposomes and niosomes to modulate drug delivery without significant toxicity makes the two vesicles useful to formulate topical enoxacin.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                ars
                Ars Pharmaceutica (Internet)
                Ars Pharm
                Universidad de Granada (Granada, Granada, Spain )
                2340-9894
                March 2022
                : 63
                : 1
                : 32-44
                Affiliations
                [2] Jalandhar Punjab orgnameCT Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences India
                [1] Jalandhar Punjab orgnamePunjab Technical University India
                Article
                S2340-98942022000100032 S2340-9894(22)06300100032
                10.30827/ars.v63i1.22264
                a273c99f-af0a-4c2a-86ac-c6aa4cf23ea6

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 01 December 2021
                : 19 September 2021
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 36, Pages: 13
                Product

                SciELO Spain

                Categories
                Original Articles

                ratones albinos suizos,relajante del músculo esquelético,diazepam,baclofeno,Niosomas,skeletal muscle relaxant,Swiss albino mice,baclofen,Niosomes

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