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      Aspectos clave en el mantenimiento de la diuresis residual en pauta de hemodiálisis incremental. Experiencia de diez años Translated title: Key aspects in maintaining residual diuresis in an incremental haemodialysis schedule. Experience of ten years

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          Abstract

          Resumen Introducción: La hemodiálisis incremental o progresiva es una modalidad de inicio de hemodiálisis, basada en la diuresis residual y adaptada a las necesidades del paciente, poco extendida pese a sus potenciales beneficios. Para su correcto seguimiento es necesario establecer unas pautas específicas en cada sesión de hemodiálisis, que deben ser conocidas por el personal que atiende a estos pacientes de forma regular. Objetivo: analizar la evolución de los pacientes que han iniciado tratamiento renal sustitutivo con hemodiálisis incremental. Material y Método: Estudio observacional retrospectivo de pacientes incidentes en tratamiento renal sustitutivo mediante hemodiálisis incremental en nuestro centro en los últimos 10 años. Comparación de resultados basales y a los 12 meses de seguimiento. Resultados: En este periodo de tiempo se han incluido 49 pacientes en técnica de hemodiálisis incremental. Aunque la diuresis residual desciende en el primer año de 2030±600 ml/día a 1300±500 (p<0,05), ésta se mantiene por encima de un litro en la mayoría de los casos. El aclaramiento de urea también desciende de 5,7±1,6 ml/min a 3,4±1,6 ml/min al año (p<0,05). Conclusiones: Iniciar tratamiento renal sustitutivo con hemodiálisis incremental puede mantener más tiempo la diuresis residual, para eso es clave el conocimiento de la técnica y su correcto manejo durante las sesiones de diálisis.

          Translated abstract

          Abstract Introduction: Incremental or progressive haemodialysis is a modality for starting haemodialysis, based on residual diuresis and adapted to the needs of the patient, and not very widespread despite the potential benefits. For correct follow-up, it is necessary to establish specific guidelines in each haemodialysis session, which must be known by the staff who treat these patients regularly. Aim: To analyse the evolution of patients who start renal replacement therapy with incremental haemodialysis. Material and Method: Retrospective observational study of incident patients on renal replacement therapy using incremental haemodialysis in our centre in the last 10 years. Comparison of baseline and 12-month follow-up results was carried out. Results: In the study period, 49 patients with incremental haemodialysis were included. Although the residual diuresis falls in the first year from 2030±600 ml/day to 1300±500 (p<0.05), in most cases, it remains above one litre. Urea clearance also decreases from 5.7±1.6 ml/min to 3.4±1.6 ml/min per year (p<0.05). Conclusions: Starting renal replacement therapy with incremental haemodialysis can keep residual diuresis longer. Knowledge of the technique and correct handling during dialysis sessions are key.

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          Residual renal function improves outcome in incremental haemodialysis despite reduced dialysis dose.

          The importance of residual renal function is well recognized in peritoneal dialysis but its role in haemodialysis (HD) has received much less attention. We studied 650 incident patients in our incremental high-flux HD programme over a 15-year period. Target total Kt/V urea (dialysis plus residual renal) was 1.2 per session and monitored monthly. Renal urea clearance (KRU) was estimated 1-3 monthly. KRU declined during the first 5 years of HD from 3.1 +/- 1.9 at 3 months to 0.9 +/- 1.2 ml/min/1.73 m(2) at 5 years. The percentage of patients with KRU >or= 1 ml/min at these time points was 85% and 31%, respectively. Patients with KRU >or= 1 ml/min had a significantly lower mean creatinine (all time points), ultrafiltration requirement (all time points) and serum potassium (6, 12, 36 and 48 months). Nutritional parameters were also significantly better in respect to nPCR and serum albumin (6, 12, 24 and 36 months). Patients with KRU >or= 1 ml/min had significantly lower erythropoietin requirements and erythropoietin resistance indices (12, 24, 36 and 48 months). Mortality was significantly lower in patients with a KRU >or= 1 at 6, 12 and 24 months after HD initiation, this benefit being maintained after correcting for albumin, age, comorbidities, HDF use and renal diagnosis. Our unique finding was that these benefits occurred despite those with KRU >or= 1 ml/min having a significantly lower dialysis Kt/V at all time points. The associations demonstrated suggest that residual renal function contributes significantly to outcome in HD patients and that efforts to preserve it are warranted. Comparative outcome studies should be controlled for residual renal function.
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            Association of Initial Twice-Weekly Hemodialysis Treatment with Preservation of Residual Kidney Function in ESRD Patients

            Background: Residual kidney function (RKF) has consistently been a predictor of greater survival in maintenance hemodialysis (MHD) patients. The relationship between hemodialysis (HD) treatment frequency and RKF preservation has not been well examined. We hypothesized that initial twice-weekly HD helps in maintaining a longer RKF. Methods: In a dialysis center in Shanghai, 168 ESRD patients were screened and finally 85 patients were identified for this main cohort study. We first examined these 85 MHD patients; 30 of them were initiated with twice-weekly HD for 6 months or longer and 55 patients were started and maintained on thrice-weekly HD treatment. Then a subcohort study in 48 incident MHD patients was implemented to assess the independent risk factors responsible for RKF decline during the first year of HD therapy. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was then employed to examine the odds ratio of RKF loss. Results: The main cohort study showed that the clinical outcomes were almost the same between the two groups in 85 patients, but the percent of patients with RKF loss was significantly lower in the twice-weekly group compared with the thrice-weekly group, especially during the first year of HD initiation. In the 48 incident MHD patients, we found no significant differences between the two groups except for variations in the HD frequency, weekly Kt/V. The multivariate analysis showed that factors such as the male gender, HD frequency, URR and intradialytic hypotension episode were associated with RKF loss, and the odds ratio of RKF loss for each additional HD treatment per week was 7.2. Conclusion: Twice-weekly HD during the first year of dialysis therapy appears to be associated with better RKF preservation.
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              Prevalence of intradialytic hypotension, clinical symptoms and nursing interventions - a three-months, prospective study of 3818 haemodialysis sessions

              Background Intradialytic hypotension (IDH) is considered one of the most frequent complications of haemodialysis with an estimated prevalence of 20–50 %, but studies investigating its exact prevalence are scarce. A complicating factor is that several definitions of IDH are used. The goal of this study was, to assess the prevalence of IDH, primarily in reference to the European Best Practice Guideline (EBPG) on haemodynamic instability: A decrease in systolic blood pressure (SBP) ≥20 mmHg or in mean arterial pressure (MAP) ≥10 mmHg associated with a clinical event and the need for nursing intervention. Methods During 3 months we prospectively collected haemodynamic data, clinical events, and nursing interventions of 3818 haemodialysis sessions from 124 prevalent patients who dialyzed with constant ultrafiltration rate and dialysate conductivity. Patients were considered as having frequent IDH if it occurred in >20 % of dialysis sessions. Results Decreases in SBP ≥20 mmHg or MAP ≥10 mmHg occurred in 77.7 %, clinical symptoms occurred in 21.4 %, and nursing interventions were performed in 8.5 % of dialysis sessions. Dialysis hypotension according to the full EBPG definition occurred in only 6.7 % of dialysis sessions. Eight percent of patients had frequent IDH. Conclusions The prevalence of IDH according to the EBPG definition is low. The dominant determinant of the EBPG definition was nursing intervention since this was the component with the lowest prevalence. IDH seems to be less common than indicated in the literature but a proper comparison with previous studies is complicated by the lack of a uniform definition. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12882-016-0231-9) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                enefro
                Enfermería Nefrológica
                Enferm Nefrol
                Sociedad Española de Enfermería Nefrológica (Madrid, Madrid, Spain )
                2254-2884
                2255-3517
                June 2020
                : 23
                : 2
                : 199-204
                Affiliations
                [1] orgnameHospital Universitario del Henares orgdiv1Sección Nefrología Spain
                Article
                S2254-28842020000200010 S2254-2884(20)02300200010
                10.37551/s2254-28842020020
                a2857f0f-2496-4903-a45d-6b3eb619bb9a

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 29 February 2020
                : 01 February 2020
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 14, Pages: 6
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                SciELO Spain

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                diálisis incremental,diuresis residual,hemodiálisis,residual urine,incremental dialysis,cuidados de enfermería,nursing care,haemodialysis

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