Injury to the peripheral nervous system can lead to spontaneous pain, hyperalgesia and allodynia. Previous studies have shown sprouting of Abeta-fibres into lamina II of the spinal cord dorsal horn after nerve injury and the formation of new synapses by these sprouts. beta-Catenin and menin as synaptogenic factors are critically involved in synapse formation. However, the roles of beta-catenin and menin in neuropathic pain are still unclear. Using Western blot analysis we investigated the changes of beta-catenin and menin in the spinal dorsal horn after unilateral spared nerve injury (SNI). We demonstrated an increase in both beta-catenin and menin protein levels in the ipsilateral spinal dorsal horn at days 1 and 3 following spared nerve injury (P < 0.05). These increases were associated with changes in paw withdrawal threshold to mechanical stimuli and weight bearing deficit suggestive of pain behavior and spontaneous ongoing pain respectively. However, the injury-associated increases in beta-catenins and menins levels returned to control levels at day 14. In conclusion, these results indicate that peripheral nerve injury induces upregulation of beta-catenins and menins in the dorsal horn of the spinal cord, which may contribute to the development of chronic neuropathic pain. Antagonists of these molecules may serve as new therapeutic agents.