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      Recuperación de un suelo contaminado por una mezcla de hidrocarburos Translated title: Recovering of soil polluted by hydrocarbons mixing

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          Abstract

          En México, un suelo agrícola pobre en nitrógeno (N) contaminado por un derivado de hidrocarburos como el aceite residual automotriz (ARA), con una relativa alta concentración de 100000 ppm, es un problema ambiental, pero también porque afecta drásticamente las propiedades del suelo asociadas con la mineralización de la materia orgánica y la pérdida de fertilidad, ya que sobrepasa el límite máximo aceptado de 4400 ppm de la norma mexicana llamada, NOM-138-SEMARNAT-2012 (NOM-138). Una alternativa de solución es tratarlo con acciones ecológicas para eliminar el ARA y recuperar esa fertilidad. Por lo que los objetivos de esta investigación fueron: i) biorremediación de suelo contaminado por 100000 ppm de ARA ii) fitorremediación mediante Sorghum vulgare con Aspergillus niger y Penicillium chrysogenum para decrecer el ARA a un valor inferior a 4400 ppm de la NOM-138. Para ello la recuperación de suelo se realizó mediante la variable-respuesta: desaparición del ARA por Soxhlet al inicio y después de la biorremediación y al final de la fitorremediación con S. vulgare con la fenología y biomasa a plántula. Todos los datos experimentales se validaron por ANOVA/Tukey HSD P<0.05%. Los resultados indicaron que la biorremediación y la fitorremediación del suelo contaminado por 100000 ppm de ARA, la decrecieron hasta 3400 ppm, valor inferior al máximo establecido por la NOM-138, suficiente para la recuperación del suelo en la producción agrícola, en 120 días un periodo de tiempo relativamente corto.

          Translated abstract

          In Mexico, a soil poor in nitrogen (N) polluted by 100000 ppm of waste motor oil (WMO) is an environmental problem also because is drastically affecting soil´s proprieties related with mineralization of organic matter and lost its fertility since exceeding the maximum accepted limit of 4400 ppm of the Mexican environmental rule called NOM-138-SEMARNAT-2012 (NOM-138). An ecological alternative to solve it is to treat for eliminating WMO and to recover its fertility. Therefore, the aims of this research were: a) bioremediation of soil polluted by 100000 ppm of WMO b) phytoremediation by Sorghum vulgare with Aspergillus niger and Penicillium chrysogenum to decrease WMO´s concentration at lower value of 4400 ppm accepted by the NOM-138. In that sense the variable response to measure soil´s recovering was: a) WMO´s concentration with Soxhlet, after bioremediation and phytoremediation b) while at phytoremediation the phenology and biomass at seedling stage of S. vulgare with A. niger and P. chrysogenum. All experimental data were validated by ANOVA/Tukey HSD P<0.05%. Results showed that bioremediation and phytoremediation decreased WMO until 3400 ppm, numerical value lower than the maximum established by NOM-138, both processing were efficient to recover for cropping aim. In 120 days regarding as a short period of time.

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          Plant growth promoting endophytic fungi Asprgillus fumigatus TS1 and Fusarium proliferatum BRL1 produce gibberellins and regulates plant endogenous hormones

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            Bioaugmentation and biostimulation of hydrocarbon degradation and the microbial community in a petroleum-contaminated soil

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              Potential of Penicillium Species in the Bioremediation Field

              The effects on the environment of pollution, particularly that caused by various industrial activities, have been responsible for the accelerated fluxes of organic and inorganic matter in the ecosphere. Xenobiotics such as phenol, phenolic compounds, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), and heavy metals, even at low concentrations, can be toxic to humans and other forms of life. Many of the remediation technologies currently being used for contaminated soil and water involve not only physical and chemical treatment, but also biological processes, where microbial activity is the responsible for pollutant removal and/or recovery. Fungi are present in aquatic sediments, terrestrial habitats and water surfaces and play a significant part in natural remediation of metal and aromatic compounds. Fungi also have advantages over bacteria since fungal hyphae can penetrate contaminated soil, reaching not only heavy metals but also xenobiotic compounds. Despite of the abundance of such fungi in wastes, penicillia in particular have received little attention in bioremediation and biodegradation studies. Additionally, several studies conducted with different strains of imperfecti fungi, Penicillium spp. have demonstrated their ability to degrade different xenobiotic compounds with low co-substrate requirements, and could be potentially interesting for the development of economically feasible processes for pollutant transformation.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                jsars
                Journal of the Selva Andina Research Society
                J. Selva Andina Res. Soc.
                Órgano oficial de la:; SELVA ANDINA RESEARCH SOCIETY (La Paz, , Bolivia )
                2072-9294
                2020
                : 11
                : 2
                : 75-83
                Affiliations
                [01] Morelia Michoacán orgnameUniversidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo orgdiv1Instituto de Investigaciones Químico Biológicas orgdiv2Laboratorio de Microbiología Ambiental México syanez@ 123456umich.mx
                Article
                S2072-92942020000200003 S2072-9294(20)01100200003
                a2c65e5a-5b91-4dcc-a5ca-22dec2d674e1

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

                History
                : June 2020
                : February 2020
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 31, Pages: 9
                Product

                SciELO Bolivia

                Categories
                ARTÍCULO ORIGINAL

                NOM-138,biostimulation,ARA,hongos,Soil,Fungy,bioestimulación,S. vulgare,Suelo,WMO

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