Design Enquiry Through Data: Appropriating a Data Science Workflow for the Design Process

The recent developments in data science and end-user data tools indicate an opportunity for designers to adapt new data tools for design enquiry. Data has an unquestionable role in the future of the design practice for creating new digital products and services. Today’s data deluge also opens up new ways of enquiring about the world through data. The current work explores how designers could appropriate a data science workflow in their design research process. Two studies are conducted to explore how a data science workflow could be adapted into a design research process. We present how the participants appropriated data techniques for creative uses and how they synthesized a data-centric enquiry into their research process. We found that designers appropriate data using their creative capacities in hypothesis forming for data collection and exploratory data analysis, and we highlight some implications of this. Our findings can inform the design space of the creativity support of future data tools and future data-centric design methods.

Content

Author and article information

Contributors

Peter Kun

Ingrid Mulder

Gerd Kortuem

Conference

Publication date: July 2018

Publication date (Print): July 2018

Pages: 1-12

Affiliations

[1 ] Delft University of Technology

Landbergstraat 15, 2628CE Delft

The Netherlands

Article

DOI: 10.14236/ewic/HCI2018.32

SO-VID: a2fd7543-6a0b-4dd5-98d1-898b335a8966

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This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported License. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

Conference name: Proceedings of the 32nd International BCS Human Computer Interaction Conference

Conference acronym: HCI

Conference number: 32

Conference location: Belfast, UK

Conference date: 4 - 6 July 2018

Conference sponsor: Electronic Workshops in Computing (eWiC)

Conference theme: Human Computer Interaction Conference

History

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1477-9358 BCS Learning & Development

Self URI (article page): https://www.scienceopen.com/hosted-document?doi=10.14236/ewic/HCI2018.32

Self URI (journal page): https://ewic.bcs.org/

REFERENCES

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R. Buchanan 1992 „Wicked Problems in Design Thinking‟ Design Issues 8 2 5
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L. Cao 2017 „Data Science: A Comprehensive Overview‟ ACM Computing Surveys (CSUR) ACM 50 3 43 42
S. K. CardJ. D. MackinlayB. Shneiderman 1999 Readings in information visualization: using vision to think Morgan Kaufmann
E. F. Churchill 2012 „From data divination to data-aware design‟ interactions 19 5 10 13
E. F. Churchill 2017 „Data, design, and ethnography‟ interactions 25 1 22 23
C. D’Ignazio 2017 „Creative data literacy: Bridging the gap between the data-haves and data-have nots‟ Information Design Journal 23 1 6 18 John Benjamin’s Publishing Company
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J. W. Tukey 1977 Exploratory data analysis Addison-Wesley
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Comments

Comment on this article

[1] S. S. AnandD. A. BellJ. G. Hughes 1995 „The role of domain knowledge in data mining‟ Proceedings of the Fourth International Conference on Information and Knowledge Management 37 43 ACM, New York, NY, USA

[2] B. Baumer 2015 „A Data Science Course for Undergraduates: Thinking With Data‟ The American Statistician Taylor & Francis 69 4 334 342

[3] A. BigelowS. DruckerD. FisherM. Meyer 2014 „Reflections on How Designers Design with Data‟. Proceedings of the 2014 International Working Conference on Advanced Visual Interfaces 17 24 ACM, New York, NY, USA

[4] S. BogersJ. FrensJ. van KollenburgE. DeckersC. Hummels 2016 „Connected Baby Bottle: A Design Case Study Towards a Framework for Data-Enabled Design‟ Proceedings of the 2016 ACM Conference on Designing Interactive Systems 2016 301 311 ACM, New York, New York, USA

[5] R. Buchanan 1992 „Wicked Problems in Design Thinking‟ Design Issues 8 2 5

[6] S. Bødker 2006 „When second wave HCI meets third wave challenges‟ Proceedings of the 4th Nordic conference on Human-computer interaction: changing roles 2006 1 8 ACM, New York, NY, USA

[7] L. Cao 2017 „Data Science: A Comprehensive Overview‟ ACM Computing Surveys (CSUR) ACM 50 3 43 42

[8] S. K. CardJ. D. MackinlayB. Shneiderman 1999 Readings in information visualization: using vision to think Morgan Kaufmann

[9] E. F. Churchill 2012 „From data divination to data-aware design‟ interactions 19 5 10 13

[10] E. F. Churchill 2017 „Data, design, and ethnography‟ interactions 25 1 22 23

[11] C. D’Ignazio 2017 „Creative data literacy: Bridging the gap between the data-haves and data-have nots‟ Information Design Journal 23 1 6 18 John Benjamin’s Publishing Company

[12] C. D’IgnazioR. Bhargava 2016 „DataBasic: Design Principles, Tools and Activities for Data Literacy Learners‟ The Journal of Community Informatics 12 3

[13] K. Dorst 2011 „The core of “design thinking” and its application‟ Design Studies 32 6 521 532

[14] K. DorstN. Cross 2001 „Creativity in the design process: co-evolution of problem–solution‟ Design Studies 22 5 425 437

[15] M. DörkS. CarpendaleC. Williamson 2011 „The information flaneur: a fresh look at information seeking‟ ACM 1215 1224 10.1145/1978942.1979124

[16] U. FayyadG. Piatetsky-ShapiroP. Smyth 1996 „From Data Mining to Knowledge Discovery in Databases‟ AI magazine 17 3 37

[17] M. Feinberg 2017 „A Design Perspective on Data‟ Proceedings of the 2017 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems 2017 2952 2963 ACM, New York, NY, USA

[18] E. GiaccardiN. CilaC. SpeedM. Caldwell 2016 „Thing Ethnography: Doing Design Research with Non-Humans‟ Proceedings of the 2016 ACM Conference on Designing Interactive Systems 2016 377 387 ACM, New York, NY, USA

[19] L. GrammelM. ToryM. Storey 2010 „How Information Visualization Novices Construct Visualizations‟ IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics IEEE 16 6 943 952

[20] J. GrayL. ChambersL. Bounegru 2012 Data Journalism handbook, Data Journalism handbook http://datajournalismhandbook.net/1.0/en/ (Last retrieved: 29 March 2018)

[21] B. M. HillD. DaileyR. T. GuyB. LewisM. MatsuzakiJ. T. Morgan 2017 „Democratizing Data Science: The Community Data Science Workshops and Classes‟ S. A. MateiN. JullienS. P. Goggins (eds) Big Data Factories: Collaborative Approaches Cham Springer International Publishing (Big Data Factories: Collaborative Approaches

[22] S. KandelA. PaepckeJ. M. HellersteinJ. Heer 2012 „Enterprise Data Analysis and Visualization: An Interview Study‟ IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics 18 12 2917 2926

[23] R. KlingW. Scacchi 1982 „The Web of Computing: Computer Technology as Social Organization‟ in Advances in Computers Volume 21 Elsevier (Advances in Computers) 1 90

[24] J. Kolko 2009 „Abductive Thinking and Sensemaking: The Drivers of Design Synthesis‟ Design Issues 26 1 15 28

[25] M. Lycett 2013 „“Datafication”: making sense of (big) data in a complex world‟ European Journal of Information Systems 22 4 381 386 Palgrave Macmillan UK

[26] G. Marchionini 2006 „Exploratory search: from finding to understanding‟ Communications of the ACM. ACM 49 4 41 46

[27] M. MauriT. ElliG. CavigliaG. UboldiM. Azzi 2017 „RAWGraphs‟ Proceedings of the 12th Biannual Conference on Italian SIGCHI Chapter 2017 28 ACM, New York, NY, USA

[28] R. MortierH. HaddadiT. HendersonD. McAuleyJ. Crowcroft 2014 „Human-Data Interaction: The Human Face of the Data-Driven Society‟ SSRN Electronic Journal

[29] H. W. J. RittelM. M. Webber 1973 „Dilemmas in a general theory of planning‟ Policy Sciences 4 2 155 169 Kluwer Academic Publishers

[30] E. B.-N. SandersP. J. Stappers 2008 „Co-creation and the new landscapes of design‟ Co-Design 4 1 5 18 Taylor & Francis

[31] School of Data 2016 Online Courses, School of Data http://schoolofdata.org/courses/ (Last retrieved: 29 March 2018)

[32] C. SpeedJ. Oberlander 2016 „Designing from, with and by Data: Introducing the ablative framework‟ Proceedings of the the 50th Anniversary Conference of the Design Research Society

[33] J. W. Tukey 1977 Exploratory data analysis Addison-Wesley

[34] M. A. WallerS. E. Fawcett 2013 „Data Science, Predictive Analytics, and Big Data: A Revolution That Will Transform Supply Chain Design and Management‟ Journal of Business Logistics 34 2 77 84

[35] H. Wickham 2014 „Tidy data‟ Journal of Statistical Software 59 10 1 23

[36] P. C. WongJ. Thomas 2004 „Guest Editors’ Introduction--Visual Analytics‟ IEEE Computer Graphics and Applications 24 5 20 21 24 5 20 21

[37] C. H. Yu 1994 „Abduction? Deduction? Induction? Is There a Logic of Exploratory Data Analysis?‟ Annual Meeting of American Educational Research Association. New Orleans, Louisana

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