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      New steps for the international consolidation of the Brazilian Journal of Pulmonology

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          Abstract

          In 2002, the Brazilian Journal of Pulmonology (BJP) was accepted for indexing in the SciELO database. This achievement, which is the result of the determination and efforts of the then current and previous Editorial Boards, was the basis for the construction of the Journal's image and for the Journal's international exposure. Subsequently, in 2006, the BJP was accepted for indexing in PubMed, which significantly increased the Journal's visibility. In 2012, after its inclusion in the Institute for Scientific Information (ISI) Web of Knowledge database, the BJP received its first impact factor, which placed the Journal in a very prominent position among the Brazilian scientific journals. This was extremely important, especially for respiratory researchers, because it meant the existence of a vehicle, with an international circulation, for communicating research results. However, in 2013, because of questionable criteria, Thomson Reuters, which is the international company responsible for determining journal impact factors, did not publish the impact factor of the BJP.( 1 , 2 ) Although the Journal remained in the database, and therefore its publications and the citations of these publications were computed, the company chose not to publish the Journal's impact factor for that year. Considering that journal impact factors are used for journal classification by national funding agencies and for the evaluation of graduate programs, the consequences of such a penalty were huge, making it difficult to assess its extent. Unfortunately, these effects will still be felt in the coming years, unequivocally affecting subsequent impact factors. Recently, on July 29, the annual Journal Citation Reports was published. The impact factor of the BJP for the 2013 publications was 1.268, which means that the BJP ranks sixth among the 107 Brazilian journals included in the ISI database. The return of the BJP to the annual list of the database that calculates impact factors shows, more clearly than do the ranking achieved and the impact factor itself, that the path followed by the Journal over the last few years has always been based on the dissemination of quality respiratory science. As previously mentioned, the impact factor of the BJP will still reflect the effects of that penalty over at least the next two years, because of the mechanism through which impact factors are calculated. Nevertheless, the return of the BJP to that annual list consolidates its position among the journals that are of greatest importance in disseminating knowledge in respiratory medicine worldwide. In addition, in late July, SCImago cites per document index (which uses the Scopus database and is calculated in a similar way to the ISI impact factor) was published, and the BJP was assigned 1.45, reinforcing the Journal's position as one of the most important science journals in Brazil. This strengthens our responsibility with regard to the sustained growth of the BJP in the coming years. To ensure this growth, structural changes have been made. We are in the final stages of changing the article submission system. As from September, we will use ScholarOne. This is the new platform that will be available to our authors, reviewers, and editors. The ScholarOne system is more modern and efficient, as well as being the model used by various journals of high international impact. The main goal of this migration is to facilitate and expedite the process of submission and review of articles, which is essential for extending the Journal's presence in the international arena, as well as being an added incentive for the participation of international authors and reviewers. Another important achievement, which was completed on July 2014, is that the BJP content is now available through PubMed Central (PMC), which is the U.S. National Institutes of Health/National Library of Medicine (NIH/NLM) digital archive of biomedical and life sciences journal literature. This tool allows free access to full-text articles from the BJP, which surely increases the visibility of articles published by researchers from other countries, contributing to their dissemination. This is only possible because all articles published in the Journal are available in English. The major responsibilities at this point, especially for the future Editorial Board of the BJP, are to consolidate our presence in international databases, such as SciELO, PubMed, Thomson Reuters ISI Web of Knowledge, Journal Citation Reports, and SCImago, and to continuously improve the quality of the published articles. To achieve these goals, the continuous participation of all researchers, reviewers, and editors who have contributed to the growth of the BJP throughout its history is essential. We hope we can count on the collaboration of more researchers so that the BJP can not only continue to be an important journal for the dissemination of respiratory research in Brazil, but also consolidate and increase its international exposure.

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          Publication of the impact factor of the Brazilian Journal of Pulmonology: a milestone on a long and arduous journey.

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            The Brazilian Journal of Pulmonology and international databases

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              The Brazilian Journal of Pulmonology and international databases

              In an editorial published last year, we reported how proud we were of having been very well-ranked by Thomson Reuters, which gave the Brazilian Journal of Pulmonology (BJP) an impact factor of 1.391.( 1 ) This year, we were excluded from the Journal Citation Reports (JCR) list, published in June. This means that, temporarily, the BJP does not have a Thomson Reuters impact factor. However, an essential piece of information for understanding the current situation is that the BJP continues to be indexed in all major national and international scientific databases-SciELO, PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, and even the Institute for Scientific Information (ISI) Web of Science database-i.e., the Portuguese-language and English-language articles published by the BJP continue to be freely available, and the citations provided and received by them continue to be duly computed. This means that ours continues to be a journal with an international circulation. In recent months, there has been a lot of information and misinformation in different media. In order to bring clarification to our associates, I will summarize the history of the current editorship of the BJP. In December of 2010, after submitting an action plan to the Brazilian Thoracic Association (BTA), I was chosen to be the editor of the BJP for the next four years. Since then, I have attended a series of meetings with more than a hundred other editors of national and international journals, discussing how to improve the performance of our scientific journals. Several of these meetings were sponsored by the Brazilian Association of Science Editors, the Brazilian Medical Association and the Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP, São Paulo Research Foundation). The SciELO model was created by FAPESP, in conjunction with the Latin American and Caribbean Center on Health Sciences Information, as well as national and international institutions related to scientific communication. The SciELO database has now been in existence for 15 years and has revolutionized the dissemination of research conducted in developing countries, being the pioneer in making articles openly accessible to the global scientific community at no cost. This model has now been recognized and replicated by numerous international organizations. Over these two and a half years, I have attended meetings with a smaller number of editors (I recall at least eight), in which we always discussed the best ways to internationalize our journals and organize our administrative staff, the choice of a publisher to help us with the internationalization, the choice of a company that would provide the best translations of articles into English, and the costs of journal publishing (print and online publication), as well as other issues, such as whether or not to charge researchers for publishing their manuscripts, obtaining other sources of funding (specifically, the Brazilian National Council for Scientific and Technological Development), changing the article submission system, giving more importance to our peer reviewers, improving the presentation of the results of studies conducted in Brazil (which have been increasing in quantity and quality), strengthening the journals in order to attract articles of higher quality, not only from Brazil but also from other countries. In none of the meetings I attended did we discuss any deliberate plan aimed exclusively at increasing the impact factor of the journals. What we did discuss was how to present the results of the studies conducted in Brazil more effectively. Brazilian researchers habitually read scientific journals. That includes the major international generalist journals (e.g., the New England Journal of Medicine, Nature, Lancet, and Science) and the most important specialist journals in their chosen field (for researchers working in the respiratory field, that includes the American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Thorax, the European Respiratory Journal, Chest, etc.). They do not necessarily read Brazilian journals that also might publish articles in their specialty, other than the journal of their respective professional societies; in the respiratory field, that would be the BJP, which is the only such journal in Brazil and only the second South American pulmonology journal to be indexed for the ISI database. Therefore, one of the actions discussed was that of soliciting review articles or editorials based on what we saw in the international literature and heard in lectures, including those given by international editors who attended the aforementioned meetings. By publishing such articles, we would be able to introduce Brazilian researchers to the scientific production coming out of Brazil, in their respective specialties, that was not available in the international journals or in the Brazilian journal published by their society. Obviously, in review articles, it would be possible to cite a large number of articles, which would also have a positive effect on the impact factor of the journals cited. The editors, together with their editorial boards, were free to decide whether or not to publish these articles and on which theme they would focus. Another extensively discussed topic was self-citation, given that it is a real problem for some Brazilian journals, although not for the BJP. This is an interesting point, speaking specifically of the BJP. As an editor, if I simply wanted to inflate the impact factor, I could publish articles (or editorials) commenting on themes discussed in previous years and published in the BJP, which would have much greater efficiency for the sole purpose of increasing the number of citations, given that the percentage of self-citations found in the BJP (datum available in the ISI and Scopus databases) does not exceed 20%. The e-mail sent by Thomson Reuters explaining the reason why the BJP was excluded from the 2013 list stated that the decision was based on the fact that an article published in the Journal of the Brazilian Medical Association( 2 ) contained a large number of citations to articles published in the BJP. The idea behind that article was to present a review of cardiorespiratory research in Brazil. However, since the major journal for the dissemination of research in the respiratory field in Brazil is the BJP, a little more than 80 of the 229 cited references were to articles in our journal, and, therefore, the Journal of the Brazilian Medical Association and the BJP were excluded from the JCR list in 2013. Notice that the BJP was punished for having received citations from a single article published in another Brazilian journal. By doing a mathematical exercise, we estimate that, if we subtracted the citations to the BJP found in that article from the total number of citations to the BJP in 2011, our impact factor would experience a reduction of less than 20% (decreasing from 1.39 to approximately 1.09). Recently, the Nature Journal blog discussed the matter and presented another review article, this one published in Clinics, also addressing cardiorespiratory research in Brazil. Although that article had not been considered anomalous by Thomson Reuters, the BJP was cited in it 52 times. Note that this number of citations results from the fact that the BJP is the major vehicle for the dissemination of pulmonary research in Brazil. In addition, as a mathematical exercise, if we also excluded those 52 citations, our theoretical impact factor would decrease to approximately 0.9, which is still one of the highest among Brazilian journals indexed for the ISI database. This would keep the BJP in the same category (B2) in the journal ranking system of the Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES, Office for the Advancement of Higher Education) known as Qualis. Now is the time when CAPES evaluates graduate programs for the three-year period 2010-2012, and, at the moment, the BJP is unlisted in the Qualis/CAPES system. We have talked to the evaluators and to those responsible for Medicine I, II, and III, explaining the situation. The BJP is the major vehicle for the dissemination of respiratory research in Brazil and concentrates most of the scientific production from national programs. We hope that the manuscripts published in this period will be considered in this evaluation. Although we are not on the 2013 JCR list (ISI database), we are in the Scopus database, which includes a larger number of journals. Scopus publishes an index known as "cites per document (2 years)", which uses the same methodology as that used to calculate the Thomson Reuters impact factor. Both indices have been accredited by CAPES since the evaluation of the previous three-year period, with the higher of the indicator values released by the two major companies that publish journal rankings (Scopus and ISI Web of Science) being used for the ranking. The SCImago journal ranking system (which uses the Scopus database) released its 2012 index in August. The BJP was assigned a rating of 1.15, remaining consistent with Qualis category B2, the same as that of the previous year. It is of note that, in 2010, before the evaluation of the previous three-year period, the editors of more than 50 Brazilian journals met with representatives of CAPES and expressed their concern regarding the overvaluation of a single rating index and regarding the Qualis list released at the time. They then suggested that "the qualitative analysis of Brazilian journals should be reevaluated and should not solely depend on the impact factor published by the JCR".( 3 ) Therefore, we hope that CAPES will not exclude the BJP articles from the scientific production of hundreds of Brazilian researchers who published the results of their research in our journal and that it will see the extent of this decision in the light of how out of proportion the event has been blown. By doing so, CAPES would be penalizing the journal (the official organ of the BTA, having been regularly published since 1975), as well as the researchers who carried out the protocols and published their results. I look forward to seeing the 2014 JCR list. All indications are that it will once again include the BJP. I hope it is clear that there was no bad faith by the editors; we have been working tirelessly to improve the quality of our journals. The BTA Board of Directors has been informed of all of the facts and has been following these events. The BTA has given the BJP its full support. We are all united in our commitment to disseminate respiratory research conducted in Brazil. Although this is a delicate moment, it is important that we have the cooperation of our authors and reviewers during this period, so that we can maintain the high level of quality we have achieved in the BJP.
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Role: Editor-in-Chief
                Role: Editor-in-Chief
                Role: Editor-in-Chief
                Role: Editor-in-Chief
                Role: Editor-in-Chief
                Journal
                J Bras Pneumol
                J Bras Pneumol
                Jornal Brasileiro de Pneumologia
                Sociedade Brasileira de Pneumologia e Tisiologia
                1806-3713
                1806-3756
                Jul-Aug 2014
                Jul-Aug 2014
                : 40
                : 4
                : 325-326
                Affiliations
                Brazilian Journal of Pulmonology
                Executive Editors
                Executive Editors
                Executive Editors
                Executive Editors
                Jornal Brasileiro de Pneumologia
                Jornal Brasileiro de Pneumologia
                Jornal Brasileiro de Pneumologia
                Jornal Brasileiro de Pneumologia
                Jornal Brasileiro de Pneumologia
                Article
                10.1590/S1806-37132014000400001
                4201164
                25210956
                a31a9510-b7a1-49eb-b0ef-6a0d5ebeb6d4

                This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License, which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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