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Tribological study of N-containing borate derivatives and their synergistic antioxidation effects with T531
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Abstract
Two N-containing borates, BTES and BMES, were synthesized with dodecyl phenol, 2-(N-containing heterocyclic) ethan-1-ol, boric acid, and dibutylamine, and their tribological properties in rapeseed oil (RSO) were investigated using a four-ball tester. The results showed that the load-carrying ability ( P B value) of RSO can be improved by 40.9% and 67.9%, respectively, when using 0.5 wt% BTES and BMES. Moreover, the antiwear and friction-reducing performances of the additive-containing oils increased with the additive concentration. The X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy results of the worn steel ball surfaces showed that BTES and BMES formed protective films, which contained boron oxide, iron oxide, ferrous sulfate, ferrous sulfide (for BMES), and other organic nitrogen compounds, on the metal surfaces. The better load-carrying and antiwear performances of BMES than those of BTES might be due to their different sulfur contents, which result in different tribochemical reaction films on the contact surfaces. The oxidation stability tests showed that BTES and BMES possessed synergistic antioxidation activity with N-phenyl-α-naphthylamine (T531), and consequently, the oxidation activation energy of the oil sample increased by 77.85% and 82.19%, respectively, compared with that of RSO when the oil sample contained 0.05 wt% BTES/BMES and 0.25% T531.
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Liping XIONG. She received her bachelor degree in chemistry in 1994 from Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, China. She received her master degree in environmental engineering in 2008 from East China Jiaotong University. She joined East China Jiaotong University from 2003. Her research interests include nano-lubricating additive and surface treatment of engineering.
Zhongyi HE. He received his master degree in chemical engineering in 1997 from Changchun University of Technology, Changchun, China, and received his PhD degree in materials science from Shanghai Jiao Tong University, China, in 2004. He joined East China Jiaotong University from 1998. His current position is a professor of the University. His current research interests cover surface treatment, N-containing heterocyclic lubricant, and molecular structure design of additive.
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s40544-018-0216-8This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported License (CC BY-NC 4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. See https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/.