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      Microorganismos asociados a signos y síntomas en trabajadores de laboratorios en docencia e investigación Translated title: Microorganisms associated with signs and symptoms in laboratory workers in teaching and research

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          Abstract

          RESUMEN. Introducción: La identificación de microorganismos de manipulación intencional, es primordial para el diseño de un proceso de vigilancia epidemiológica asociada al riesgo biológico en laboratorios. Objetivo: Determinar los microorganismos asociados con la presencia de signos y síntomas en trabajadores de laboratorios de una institución universitaria de una ciudad del Oriente Colombiano. Material y Métodos: Estudio descriptivo de corte transversal llevado a cabo en 33 laboratorios y 24 trabajadores. Resultados: se observó asociación de riesgo de presentar cefalea al manipular Oscillatoria spp p=0,09 y RR=2,0 (IC95% 1,29-3,1), faringitis con los hongos del género Aspergillus spp y Fusarium spp p≤0,05 RR=10,0 (IC95% 1,39-71,86) y rinitis alérgica en la manipulación de Staphylococcus aureus p≤0,05 y RR=2,3 (IC95% 1,05-5,17) Conclusión: Las infecciones adquiridas en los laboratorios son identificables si se mantienen los protocolos e información sobre los microorganismos de manipulación intencional y no intencional, siendo el inicio del proceso de vigilancia epidemiológica asociada al riesgo biológico.

          Translated abstract

          ABSTRACT Introduction: The identification of microorganisms of intentional manipulation is essential for the design of an epidemiological surveillance process associated with biological risk in laboratories. Objective: To determine the microorganisms associated with the presence of signs and symptoms in laboratory workers of a university institution in a city of eastern Colombia. Material and Methods: Descriptive cross-sectional study carried out in 33 laboratories and 24 workers. Results: risk association of presenting headache when handling Oscillatoria spp p=0.09 and RR=2.0 (IC95% 1.29-3.1), pharyngitis with fungi of the genus Aspergillus spp and Fusarium spp p≤0.05 RR=10.0 (IC95% 1.39-71.86) and allergic rhinitis when handling Staphylococcus aureus p≤0.05 and RR=2.3 (IC95% 1.05-5.17) Conclusions: Laboratory-acquired infections are identifiable if protocols and information on intentional and unintentional handling microorganisms are maintained, being the beginning of the epidemiological surveillance process associated with biological risk.

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          A review of reproductive toxicity of microcystins.

          Animal studies provide strong evidence of positive associations between microcystins (MCs) exposure and reproductive toxicity, representing a threat to human reproductive health and the biodiversity of wild life. This paper reviews current knowledge of the reproductive toxicity of MCs, with regard to mammals, fishes, amphibians, and birds, mostly in males. Toxicity of MCs is primarily governed by the inhibition of protein phosphatases 1 and 2A (PP1 and PP2A) and disturbance of cellular phosphorylation balance. MCs exposure is related to excessive production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and oxidative stress, leading to cytoskeleton disruption, mitochondria dysfunction, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, and DNA damage. MCs induce cell apoptosis mediated by the mitochondrial and ROS and ER pathways. Through PP1/2A inhibition and oxidative stress, MCs lead to differential expression/activity of transcriptional factors and proteins involved in the pathways of cellular differentiation, proliferation, and tumor promotion. MC-induced DNA damage is also involved in carcinogenicity. Apart from a direct effect on testes and ovaries, MCs indirectly affect sex hormones by damaging the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonad (HPG) axis and liver. Parental exposure to MCs may result in hepatotoxicity and neurotoxicity of offspring. We also summarize the current research gaps which should be addressed by further studies.
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            Exposure routes and health effects of microcystins on animals and humans: A mini-review

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              Cattle producers’ perceptions of biosecurity

              Background The limited use of biosecurity practices by many in the farming community is likely to be due to a range of factors; further understanding of this issue is required. In this study, attitudes and behaviours of producers relating to selected biosecurity practices and the farming industry were studied by interviewing cattle farmers within a 100 km2 study area in north-west England using an interview-based questionnaire. Results Most producers appeared to be familiar with the broad concept of the term biosecurity, although risks due to indirect contacts, rather than direct (animal) contacts, were more frequently highlighted. Most producers felt the nominated biosecurity practices were in some way useful, however there was not always agreement between the usefulness of a practice and it being undertaken, and vice versa. In agreement with other studies conducted in the UK, farmers most preferred to obtain information and advice on biosecurity from private veterinarians, but also highlighted DEFRA as a source. Conclusions This study highlights the importance of understanding the motivators and barriers behind the uptake of biosecurity practices on farms, as perceptions are variable. Further understanding of these issues is needed in order to more effectively communicate information in regards to herd health and disease prevention. By identifying differences in producers’ attitudes, programs can be tailored specifically to individuals’ needs.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                medtra
                Revista de la Asociación Española de Especialistas en Medicina del Trabajo
                Rev Asoc Esp Espec Med Trab
                Asociación Española de Especialistas en Medicina del Trabajo (Madrid, Madrid, Spain )
                1132-6255
                3020-1160
                2022
                : 31
                : 4
                : 380-396
                Affiliations
                [1] Cúcuta Norte del Santander orgnameUniversidad Francisco de Paula Santander orgdiv1Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias y del Ambiente Colombia
                Article
                S3020-11602022000400007 S3020-1160(22)03100400007
                a3435a92-c8ce-4c97-b983-87249f790f15

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 09 August 2022
                : 19 December 2022
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 30, Pages: 17
                Product

                SciELO Spain

                Categories
                Textos Originales

                epidemiological surveillance,occupational risk,riesgo biológico,vigilancia epidemiológica,biological risk,riesgo laboral

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