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      Modelos experimentais em pesquisa Translated title: Experimental models in research

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          Abstract

          O objetivo deste estudo é compilar as principais classificações dos modelos experimentais utilizados em pesquisas e suas possíveis aplicações em pesquisa experimental. Realizou-se a revisão da literatura a partir dos principais bancos de dados disponíveis na Internet (Pubmed, Medline, Scielo, Lilacs, Cochrane), assim como em um levantamento dos estudos experimentais realizados no Programa de Pós-Graduação em Cirurgia Plástica da Universidade Federal de São Paulo - Escola Paulista de Medicina. Destacou-se uma distribuição dos modelos animais em status sanitário, genotípico e como modelo experimental. A compreensão das principais classificações dos modelos experimentais em pesquisa é fundamental para o aperfeiçoamento e comprovação de técnicas e procedimentos já existentes, assim como para o desenvolvimento de outros.

          Translated abstract

          The purpose of this study is to collect the main classifications of experimental research models and their possible applications in experimental research. Literature search was done using the most important data bank available on the internet (PUBMED, MEDLINE, SCIELO, LILACS, COCHRANE). A compilation of the experimental studies developed at the Plastic Surgery Post Graduate Program of the Federal University of São Paulo/ Paulista School of Medicine was also done. Animals models were classified regarding sanitary and genotipical status. The understanding of the main classifications of the research experimental models is essential to improve and confirm procedures and techniques already described as well as the development of new ones.

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          Biomechanical comparison of median sternotomy closures.

          Poor healing of median sternotomy can significantly increase morbidity, mortality, and hospital costs. Effective union requires reliable sternal fixation. Although wire has proven the most reliable and widely used sternotomy closure material, no experimental studies have compared a large variety of wiring techniques in a human model. We developed an easily reproducible experimental model using cadaveric human sterna and compared several wiring methods to assess closure strength and stability. Fifty-three fresh adult human cadaveric sternal plates with adjacent ribs were fixed with specially designed spiked stainless steel clamps and attached to a texture analyzer. Single peristernal and transsternal, alternating single peristernal and transsternal, figure-eight peristernal, figure-eight pericostal, and Robicsek closures using no. 5 stainless steel wires were tested. We evaluated bone density, stiffness, and displacement using perpendicular, repetitive variable force loads of 800 Newtons cycling at a rate of 0.5 mm/s. There were no significant differences in age, sex, or bone density in outcome measures of the sternal groups. No clamp failures or clamp damage to the specimens occurred. The single peristernal and alternating peristernal and transsternal closures proved superior in strength and stability (p < 0.001). The figure-eight peristernal, then the single transsternal, then the Robicsek were next stablest groups in decreasing order. The figure-eight pericostal closure had the highest failure rate (p < 0.001). This novel model of sternotomy closure testing was reliable, inexpensive, and easily reproducible. The mechanical stability of peristernal and alternating peristernal and transsternal wires was significantly greater than that of the other tested methods. Pericostal figure-eight closures were not sufficiently stable to be considered a reliable method of primary sternotomy repair.
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            Manual de cirurgia plástica

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              Experimental model: historic and conceptual revision

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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Journal
                acb
                Acta Cirurgica Brasileira
                Acta Cir. Bras.
                Sociedade Brasileira para o Desenvolvimento da Pesquisa em Cirurgia (São Paulo )
                1678-2674
                2005
                : 20
                : suppl 2
                : 28-34
                Affiliations
                [1 ] Universidade Federal de São Paulo Brazil
                [2 ] Universidade Federal de São Paulo Brazil
                [3 ] Universidade Federal de São Paulo Brazil
                Article
                S0102-86502005000800008
                10.1590/S0102-86502005000800008
                16283025
                a38b39a7-06ce-4706-a17f-c3532175a1b9

                http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

                History
                Product

                SciELO Brazil

                Self URI (journal page): http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_serial&pid=0102-8650&lng=en
                Categories
                SURGERY

                Surgery
                Models, Animal,Disease Models, Animal,Tissue Culture,Cadaver,Biomedical Research,Modelos Animais,Modelos Animais de Doenças,Cultura de Tecido,Pesquisa Biomédica

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