3
views
0
recommends
+1 Recommend
1 collections
    0
    shares
      • Record: found
      • Abstract: found
      • Article: found
      Is Open Access

      Aplicación de las ciclodextrinas como excipientes en productos farmacéuticos: ¿por qué no en formulación magistral? Translated title: Use of cyclodextrins as excipients in pharmaceutical products: why not in extemporaneous preparations?

      review-article

      Read this article at

      Bookmark
          There is no author summary for this article yet. Authors can add summaries to their articles on ScienceOpen to make them more accessible to a non-specialist audience.

          Abstract

          Resumen Objetivo: Evaluar la utilización de ciclodextrinas como excipientes en formulación magistral desde el punto de vista galénico, biofarmacéuticofarmacocinético, toxicológico, regulatorio, económico y comercial. Método: Búsqueda bibliográfica de artículos de revisión y originales con alto índice de citas, consulta de documentos regulatorios y legislativos y de farmacopeas de reconocido prestigio. Resultados: La solubilidad, la resistencia a la hidrólisis y la eficiencia de complejación varían según la ciclodextrina y el fármaco que se pretende complejar. En algunos casos es necesario añadir excipientes para mejorar la eficiencia de complejación. Los procesos de complejación de fármacos con ciclodextrinas a nivel de laboratorio son poco robustos y además existe mucha variabilidad para una misma ciclodextrina entre proveedores y lotes de un mismo proveedor, requiriéndose más controles en las fórmulas elaboradas. La estabilidad de los complejos ciclodextrinas- fármaco puede alterar la biodisponibilidad oral de los fármacos. Además, algunas ciclodextrinas optimizan la permeabilidad a través de membranas biológicas específicas y el tiempo de contacto con las mismas. Aunque son seguras, superados determinados umbrales de dosis y tiempos de administración pueden producir efectos secundarios. Solo las ciclodextrinas que están reconocidas como excipientes en farmacopeas pueden utilizarse en formulación magistral. Las ciclodextrinas suponen un incremento del coste en formulación magistral y su adquisición a través de proveedores reconocidos no es siempre posible. Conclusiones: A pesar de sus interesantes propiedades como excipientes derivadas de la formación de complejos de inclusión, la necesidad de mayores controles de calidad, estudiar constantes de estabilidad, su alto coste y difícil adquisición pueden explicar por qué la utilización de ciclodextrinas en formulación magistral no se considera una alternativa viable en la actualidad.

          Translated abstract

          Abstract Objective: To conduct an assessment of cyclodextrins used as excipients in pharmaceutical formulations, considering compounding, biopharmaceutical-pharmacokinetic, toxicological, regulatory, economic and commercial aspects. Method: A literature search was performed of highly cited review and original articles. Regulatory and legislative documents and well-established pharmacopoeias were also consulted. Results: Solubility, resistance to hydrolysis and complexation efficiency are variables that depend on the cyclodextrin itself and on the drug to be complexed. In some cases, addition of excipients is necessary to improve complexation efficiency. Complexation of drugs with cyclodextrins at laboratory scale tends to be rather inconsistent. Moreover, wide variations exist for the same cyclodextrin across different suppliers and even across batches from the same supplier. This means more control analyses must be carried out of pharmaceutical preparations. Problems with the stability of cyclodextrin-drug complexes could affect the oral bioavailability of the drugs. Additionally, some cyclodextrins may optimize the drug's permeability through specific biological membranes and the length of time it remains in contact with them. Despite the safety profile of cyclodextrins, exceeding certain dosing thresholds and administration times might cause adverse effects. Only cyclodextrins recognized as excipients by well-established pharmacopeias should be used in pharmaceutical compounding. Cyclodextrins lead to an increase in the global costs of compounding and their purchase through recognized suppliers is often unfeasible. Conclusions: Despite their interesting properties as excipients due to inclusion complex formation, the need to carry out more quality control analyses and stability constant studies, combined with the high cost and difficulty to purchase cyclodextrins, may explain why their use in pharmaceutical compounding is currently not a viable alternative.

          Related collections

          Most cited references42

          • Record: found
          • Abstract: found
          • Article: not found

          Cyclodextrins in drug delivery: an updated review.

          The purpose of this review is to discuss and summarize some of the interesting findings and applications of cyclodextrins (CDs) and their derivatives in different areas of drug delivery, particularly in protein and peptide drug delivery and gene delivery. The article highlights important CD applications in the design of various novel delivery systems like liposomes, microspheres, microcapsules, and nanoparticles. In addition to their well-known effects on drug solubility and dissolution, bioavailability, safety, and stability, their use as excipients in drug formulation are also discussed in this article. The article also focuses on various factors influencing inclusion complex formation because an understanding of the same is necessary for proper handling of these versatile materials. Some important considerations in selecting CDs in drug formulation such as their commercial availability, regulatory status, and patent status are also summarized. CDs, because of their continuing ability to find several novel applications in drug delivery, are expected to solve many problems associated with the delivery of different novel drugs through different delivery routes.
            Bookmark
            • Record: found
            • Abstract: found
            • Article: not found

            Cyclodextrin-based supramolecular systems for drug delivery: recent progress and future perspective.

            The excellent biocompatibility and unique inclusion capability as well as powerful functionalization capacity of cyclodextrins and their derivatives make them especially attractive for engineering novel functional materials for biomedical applications. There has been increasing interest recently to fabricate supramolecular systems for drug and gene delivery based on cyclodextrin materials. This review focuses on state of the art and recent advances in the construction of cyclodextrin-based assemblies and their applications for controlled drug delivery. First, we introduce cyclodextrin materials utilized for self-assembly. The fabrication technologies of supramolecular systems including nanoplatforms and hydrogels as well as their applications in nanomedicine and pharmaceutical sciences are then highlighted. At the end, the future directions of this field are discussed.
              Bookmark
              • Record: found
              • Abstract: found
              • Article: not found

              Pharmaceutical applications of cyclodextrins. III. Toxicological issues and safety evaluation.

              The objective of this review is to summarize recent findings on the safety profiles of three natural cyclodextrins (alpha-, beta- and gamma-CDs) and several chemically modified CDs. To demonstrate the potential of CDs in pharmaceutical formulations, their stability against non-enzymatic and enzymatic degradations in various body fluids and tissue homogenates and their pharmacokinetics via parenteral, oral, transmucosal, and dermal routes of administration are outlined. Furthermore, the bioadaptabilities of CDs, including in vitro cellular interactions and in vivo safety profiles, via a variety of administration routes are addressed. Finally, the therapeutic potentials of CDs are discussed on the basis of their ability to interact with various endogenous and exogenous lipophiles or, especially for sulfated CDs, their effects on cellular processes mediated by heparin binding growth factors.
                Bookmark

                Author and article information

                Journal
                fh
                Farmacia Hospitalaria
                Farm Hosp.
                Grupo Aula Médica (Toledo, Toledo, Spain )
                1130-6343
                2171-8695
                February 2022
                : 46
                : 1
                : 31-39
                Affiliations
                [6] orgnameSociedad Española de Farmacia Hospitalaria España
                [1] Madrid orgnameHospital Universitario de La Princesa orgdiv1Servicio de Farmacia España
                [4] Toledo orgnameHospital Virgen de la Salud orgdiv1Servicio de Farmacia España
                [3] Sevilla orgnameHospital Universitario Virgen Macarena orgdiv1Servicio de Farmacia España
                [2] Pontevedra orgnameComplexo Hospitalario Universitario de Pontevedra orgdiv1Servicio de Farmacia España
                [5] Madrid orgnameHospital Universitario Santa Cristina orgdiv1Servicio de Farmacia España
                Article
                S1130-63432022000100031 S1130-6343(22)04600100031
                10.7399/fh.11728
                a3e2227e-f81d-4d84-86fd-21662e1f6613

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 16 July 2021
                : 15 May 2021
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 42, Pages: 9
                Product

                SciELO Spain

                Categories
                Revisiones

                Pharmaceutical compounding,Ciclodextrinas,Preparados farmacéuticos,Formulación magistral,Cyclodextrins,Pharmaceutical products

                Comments

                Comment on this article