A pulmonary Mucormycosis case related to the use of home-ventilator machine <span class="so-article-trans-title" dir="auto"> Translated title: Un caso de mucormicosis pulmonar relacionado con el uso de un ventilador doméstico </span>

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Abstract

Abstract Mucormycosis is rare in both immunocompromised and immunocompetent patients. A Chronic Myelomonocytic Leukaemia (CMML) is among the most aggressive and poorly understood chronic myeloid malignancies, and Mucormycosis is an uncommonly encountered clinical syndrome in immunocompromised hematology patients. Patients treated with mechanical ventilation are at a substantially higher risk for infection. Also, the patients who are using home respirator devices at high risk for mucormycosis. Patients must be informed in detail about the device and its proper use. Additionally, all immunocompromised patients should be informed about the protection of the respiratory tract. Dirty or contaminated equipment are potential sources of infection. All devices and accessories should be cleaned regularly. The tubes should also be checked frequently to ensure that they are safely connected. The purpose of this case is to report an uncommon case of pulmonary mucormycosis related to the use of the home-ventilator device.

Translated abstract

Resumen La mucormicosis es rara en pacientes inmunodeprimidos e inmunocompetentes. La leucemia mielomonocítica crónica (LMMC) se encuentra entre las neoplasias mieloides crónicas más agresivas y poco comprendidas, y la mucormicosis es un síndrome clínico que se encuentra con poca frecuencia en pacientes con hematología inmunodeprimida. Los pacientes tratados con ventilación mecánica tienen un riesgo sustancialmente mayor de infección. Además, los pacientes que utilizan dispositivos de respiración en el hogar, tienen un alto riesgo de mucormicosis. Se debe informar detalladamente a los pacientes sobre el dispositivo y su uso adecuado. Además, todos los pacientes inmunodeprimidos deben ser informados sobre la protección del tracto respiratorio. Los equipos sucios o contaminados son posibles fuentes de infección. Todos los dispositivos y accesorios deben limpiarse con regularidad. Los tubos también deben revisarse con frecuencia para asegurarse de que estén conectados de manera segura. El propósito de este caso es reportar un caso infrecuente de mucormicosis pulmonar relacionado con el uso del dispositivo de ventilación domiciliaria.

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Most cited references 13

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The 2016 revision to the World Health Organization classification of myeloid neoplasms and acute leukemia.

Daniel Arber, Attilio Orazi, Robert P. Hasserjian … (2016)

The World Health Organization (WHO) classification of tumors of the hematopoietic and lymphoid tissues was last updated in 2008. Since then, there have been numerous advances in the identification of unique biomarkers associated with some myeloid neoplasms and acute leukemias, largely derived from gene expression analysis and next-generation sequencing that can significantly improve the diagnostic criteria as well as the prognostic relevance of entities currently included in the WHO classification and that also suggest new entities that should be added. Therefore, there is a clear need for a revision to the current classification. The revisions to the categories of myeloid neoplasms and acute leukemia will be published in a monograph in 2016 and reflect a consensus of opinion of hematopathologists, hematologists, oncologists, and geneticists. The 2016 edition represents a revision of the prior classification rather than an entirely new classification and attempts to incorporate new clinical, prognostic, morphologic, immunophenotypic, and genetic data that have emerged since the last edition. The major changes in the classification and their rationale are presented here.

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Epidemiology and outcome of zygomycosis: a review of 929 reported cases.

M M Roden, T. E. Zaoutis, W L Buchanan … (2005)

Zygomycosis is an increasingly emerging life-threatening infection. There is no single comprehensive literature review that describes the epidemiology and outcome of this disease. We reviewed reports of zygomycosis in the English-language literature since 1885 and analyzed 929 eligible cases. We included in the database only those cases for which the underlying condition, the pattern of infection, the surgical and antifungal treatments, and survival were described. The mean age of patients was 38.8 years; 65% were male. The prevalence and overall mortality were 36% and 44%, respectively, for diabetes; 19% and 35%, respectively, for no underlying condition; and 17% and 66%, respectively, for malignancy. The most common types of infection were sinus (39%), pulmonary (24%), and cutaneous (19%). Dissemination developed in 23% of cases. Mortality varied with the site of infection: 96% of patients with disseminated disease died, 85% with gastrointestinal infection died, and 76% with pulmonary infection died. The majority of patients with malignancy (92 [60%] of 154) had pulmonary disease, whereas the majority of patients with diabetes (222 [66%] of 337) had sinus disease. Rhinocerebral disease was seen more frequently in patients with diabetes (145 [33%] of 337), compared with patients with malignancy (6 [4%] of 154). Hematogenous dissemination to skin was rare; however, 78 (44%) of 176 cutaneous infections were complicated by deep extension or dissemination. Survival was 3% (8 of 241 patients) for cases that were not treated, 61% (324 of 532) for cases treated with amphotericin B deoxycholate, 57% (51 of 90) for cases treated with surgery alone, and 70% (328 of 470) for cases treated with antifungal therapy and surgery. By multivariate analysis, infection due to Cunninghamella species and disseminated disease were independently associated with increased rates of death (odds ratios, 2.78 and 11.2, respectively). Outcome from zygomycosis varies as a function of the underlying condition, site of infection, and use of antifungal therapy.

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Global Epidemiology of Mucormycosis

Hariprasath Prakash, Arunaloke Chakrabarti (2019)

Mucormycosis is an angio-invasive fungal infection, associated with high morbidity and mortality. A change in the epidemiology of mucormycosis has been observed in recent years with the rise in incidence, new causative agents and susceptible population. The rise has been perceived globally, but it is very high in the Asian continent. Though diabetes mellitus overshadow all other risk factors in Asia, post-tuberculosis and chronic renal failure have emerged as new risk groups. The rhino-cerebral form of mucormycosis is most commonly seen in patients with diabetes mellitus, whereas, pulmonary mucormycosis in patients with haematological malignancy and transplant recipients. In immunocompetent hosts, cutaneous mucormycosis is commonly seen following trauma. The intriguing clinical entity, isolated renal mucormycosis in immunocompetent patients is only reported from China and India. A new clinical entity, indolent mucormycosis in nasal sinuses, is recently recognized. The causative agents of mucormycosis vary across different geographic locations. Though Rhizopus arrhizus is the most common agent isolated worldwide, Apophysomyces variabilis is predominant in Asia and Lichtheimia species in Europe. The new causative agents, Rhizopus homothallicus, Mucor irregularis, and Thamnostylum lucknowense are reported from Asia. In conclusion, with the change in epidemiology of mucormycosis country-wise studies are warranted to estimate disease burden in different risk groups, analyse the clinical disease pattern and identify the new etiological agents.

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Journal

Journal ID (publisher-id): ijm

Title: Iberoamerican Journal of Medicine

Abbreviated Title: Iberoam J Med

Publisher: Hospital San Pedro (Logroño, La Rioja, Spain )

ISSN (Print): 2695-5075

ISSN (Electronic): 2695-5075

Publication date (Print and electronic): 2022

Volume: 4

Issue: 1

Pages: 75-79

Affiliations

[1] Kütahya orgnameKütahya Health Science University orgdiv1Evliya Çelebi Education and Research Hospital orgdiv2Department of Hematology Turquía

[2] Izmir orgnameBozyaka Education and Research Hospital orgdiv1Department of Hematology Turquía

[3] Canakkale orgnameÇanakkale Onsekiz Mart University orgdiv1Faculty of Medicine orgdiv2Department of Infectious Disease Turkey

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Publisher ID: S2695-50752022000100011 Publisher ID: S2695-5075(22)00400100011

DOI: 10.53986/ibjm.2022.0003

SO-VID: a44b8428-a99f-4bf7-a627-db8421bee2b6

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This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

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Date received : 26 October 2021

Date accepted : 22 November 2021

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Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 13, Pages: 5

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A pulmonary Mucormycosis case related to the use of home-ventilator machine Translated title: Un caso de mucormicosis pulmonar relacionado con el uso de un ventilador doméstico

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Most cited references 13

The 2016 revision to the World Health Organization classification of myeloid neoplasms and acute leukemia.

Epidemiology and outcome of zygomycosis: a review of 929 reported cases.

Global Epidemiology of Mucormycosis

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