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Abstract
We report the phenomenon of vibrational resonance in a single species and a two species
models of groundwater-dependent plant ecosystems with a biharmonic oscillation (with
two widely different frequencies \omega and \Omega, \Omega >> \omega) of the water
table depth. In these two systems, the response amplitude of the species biomass shows
multiple resonances with different mechanisms. The resonance occurs at both low- and
high-frequencies of the biharmonic force. In the single species bistable system, the
resonance occurs at discrete values of the amplitude g of the high-frequency component
of the water table. Furthermore, the best synchronization of biomass and its carrying
capacity with the biharmonic force occurs at the resonance. In the two species excitable
and time-delay model, the response amplitude (Q) profile shows several plateau regions
of resonance, where the period of evolution of the species biomass remains the same
and the value of Q is inversely proportional to it. The response amplitude is highly
sensitive to the time-delay parameter \tau and shows two distinct sequences of resonance
intervals with a decreasing amplitude with \tau.