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      Capacidad de respuesta del sistema de salud en atención primaria valorada por pacientes con enfermedades crónicas Translated title: Evaluation of health center's primary care responsiveness by patients with chronic illnesses

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          Abstract

          Resumen Objetivo: Evaluar la capacidad de respuesta del sistema de salud percibida por pacientes crónicos de atención primaria, así como los factores asociados a esa percepción. Método: Estudio transversal basado en entrevistas a pacientes mayores de 18 años diagnosticados de al menos una enfermedad crónica que visitaron los centros de atención primaria durante junio y julio de 2015 en una zona básica de Salud de La Rioja. El resultado fue el índice de respuesta y los factores potencialmente relacionados incluyeron características sociodemográficas y de salud. Entrevistadores capacitados realizaron el cuestionario breve en español de la encuesta multipaís de la Organización Mundial de la Salud con 403 participantes. Se realizaron estadística descriptiva y regresión logística bivariable y multivariable. Resultados: El 87,10% de los participantes consideró buena la respuesta general. Los dominios que obtuvieron las puntuaciones más altas fueron confidencialidad (99,3%), dignidad (98,3%) y comunicación (97,3%). Los peor evaluados fueron atención rápida (38,6%) y calidad de los servicios básicos (31,8%). La clase social baja fue el factor más importante asociado a la capacidad de respuesta, concretamente con la autonomía y la atención rápida. Sexo, educación y ocupación estuvieron relacionados con comunicación, y los pacientes con peor salud percibida valoraron peor la respuesta general. Los dominios considerados más importantes fueron dignidad (33,5%) y atención rápida (30,5%). Conclusiones: Los dominios mejor evaluados fueron los relacionados con el respeto a las personas. La atención rápida tiene una baja valoración, pero una gran importancia, y por lo tanto requiere una acción prioritaria.

          Translated abstract

          Abstract Objective: To evaluate the health systems’ response capacity according to the perception of chronic patients, and the factors related to that perception. Method: Source of data: patients diagnosed with at least one chronic disease who visited primary care centers during June and July 2015 in a basic health area of La Rioja. Design: cross-sectional descriptive study based on interviews to over 18s who visited primary care centers. The dependent variable was the health systems’ response capacity and independent variables were sociodemographic and health related. In order to collect data, trained interviewers conducted a short questionnaire in Spanish from the World Health Organization Multi-country Survey Study with 403 subjects. Descriptive statistics, bivariate and multivariate logistic regression were performed. Results: The overall health systems’ response capacity was considered good by 87.10%. The domains that scored highest were: confidentiality (99.3%), dignity (98.3%) and communication (97.3%). Those evaluated worst were: rapid service (38,6%) and quality of basic services (31.8%). Low social class was the most important factor associated with the responsiveness, mainly with autonomy and rapid service. Sex, educational level, and occupation were related to communication domain, and patients with worse perceived health rated the general response worse. The domains considered most important were dignity (33.5%) and rapid service (30.5%). Conclusions: The domains best evaluated were those related to respect for people. Rapid service has a low health systems’ response capacity, but a high importance, and therefore requires priority action.

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          Physician gender effects in medical communication: a meta-analytic review.

          Physician gender has been viewed as a possible source of variation in the interpersonal aspects of medical practice, with speculation that female physicians facilitate more open and equal exchange and a different therapeutic milieu from that of male physicians. However, studies in this area are generally based on small samples, with conflicting results. To systematically review and quantify the effect of physician gender on communication during medical visits. Online database searches of English-language abstracts for the years 1967 to 2001 (MEDLINE, AIDSLINE, PsycINFO, and Bioethics); a hand search was conducted of reprint files and the reference sections of review articles and other publications. Studies using a communication data source, such as audiotape, videotape, or direct observation, and large national or regional studies in which physician report was used to establish length of visit, were identified through bibliographic and computerized searches. Twenty-three observational studies and 3 large physician-report studies reported in 29 publications met inclusion criteria and were rated. The Cohen d was computed based on 2 reviewers' (J.A.H. and Y.A.) independent extraction of quantitative information from the publications. Study heterogeneity was tested using Q statistics and pooled effect sizes were computed using the appropriate effects model. The characteristics of the study populations were also extracted. Female physicians engage in significantly more active partnership behaviors, positive talk, psychosocial counseling, psychosocial question asking, and emotionally focused talk. There were no gender differences evident in the amount, quality, or manner of biomedical information giving or social conversation. Medical visits with female physicians are, on average, 2 minutes (10%) longer than those with male physicians. Obstetrics and gynecology may present a different pattern than that of primary care, with male physicians demonstrating higher levels of emotionally focused talk than their female colleagues. Female primary care physicians engage in more communication that can be considered patient centered and have longer visits than their male colleagues. Limited studies exist outside of primary care, and gender-related practice patterns in some subspecialties may differ from those evident in primary care.
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            Willing to wait?: The influence of patient wait time on satisfaction with primary care

            Background This study examined the relationship between patient waiting time and willingness to return for care and patient satisfaction ratings with primary care physicians. Methods Cross-sectional survey data on a convenience sample of 5,030 patients who rated their physicians on a web-based survey developed to collect detailed information on patient experiences with health care. The survey included self-reported information on wait times, time spent with doctor, and patient satisfaction. Results Longer waiting times were associated with lower patient satisfaction (p < 0.05), however, time spent with the physician was the strongest predictor of patient satisfaction. The decrement in satisfaction associated with long waiting times is substantially reduced with increased time spent with the physician (5 minutes or more). Importantly, the combination of long waiting time to see the doctor and having a short doctor visit is associated with very low overall patient satisfaction. Conclusion The time spent with the physician is a stronger predictor of patient satisfaction than is the time spent in the waiting room. These results suggest that shortening patient waiting times at the expense of time spent with the patient to improve patient satisfaction scores would be counter-productive.
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              An interpretation of the relation between objective and subjective social status.

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                Author and article information

                Journal
                gs
                Gaceta Sanitaria
                Gac Sanit
                Sociedad Española de Salud Pública y Administración Sanitaria (SESPAS) (Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain )
                0213-9111
                June 2022
                : 36
                : 3
                : 232-239
                Affiliations
                [7] Zaragoza Aragón orgnameUniversidad de Zaragoza orgdiv1Facultad de Medicina orgdiv2Departamento de Medicina, Psiquiatría y Dermatología Spain
                [4] Zaragoza Aragón orgnameUniversidad de Zaragoza orgdiv1Facultad de Ciencias Sociales y del Trabajo orgdiv2Departamento de Psicología y Sociología Spain
                [5] Toledo orgnameServicio de Salud de Castilla-La Mancha orgdiv1Centro de Salud de Illescas España
                [3] Umeå Västerbotten orgnameUmeå universitet orgdiv1Departamento de Epidemiología y Salud Global Sweden
                [2] Logroño orgnameServicio Riojano de Salud orgdiv1Hospital San Pedro orgdiv2Unidad Docente España
                [1] Arnedo orgnameServicio Riojano de Salud orgdiv1Centro de Salud de Arnedo España
                [6] Zaragoza orgnameInstituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Aragón (IISA) España
                Article
                S0213-91112022000300232 S0213-9111(22)03600300232
                10.1016/j.gaceta.2021.02.008
                a45badd7-0148-42c0-90da-e11bca48a466

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 03 February 2021
                : 02 October 2020
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 35, Pages: 8
                Product

                SciELO Spain

                Categories
                Originales

                Sistema de salud,Enfermedades crónicas,Primary care,Capacidad de respuestas del sistema sanitario,Response capacity of the health system,Health system,Chronic diseases,Atención Primaria

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