Reduced social participation among seniors with self-reported visual impairment and glaucoma

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Abstract

Objective

Social participation benefits health. We assessed the relationship between self-reported visual impairment (VI) and glaucoma versus seniors’ social participation.

Methods

Data from individuals aged ≥65 years responding to the Canadian Community Health Survey Healthy Aging 2008/2009 (n = 16,369) was analyzed. Participation in eight social activities by seniors with and without self-reported VI or glaucoma was compared.

Results

Seniors with VI had significantly reduced participation (p<0.05) in sports/physical activities (18.0% vs. 33.6%), family/friendship activities outside the household (39.7% vs. 53.0%), service club/fraternal organization activities (11.4% vs. 18.4%), volunteer/charity work (13.4% vs. 24.9%), educational/cultural activities (16.2% vs. 24.5%), and other social recreational activities (21.6% vs. 31.0%) compared to those without VI. Differences in participation in church/religious activities (40.6% vs. 44.5%) and community/professional association activities (15.3% vs. 18.0%) were non-significant between seniors with and without VI. Seniors with glaucoma versus those without had significantly reduced participation (p<0.05) in family/friendship activities (46.6% vs. 52.9%), sports/physical activities (26.0% vs. 33.6%) and volunteer/charity work (20.4% vs. 24.9%). No participation in any social activity was significantly higher among seniors with VI versus those without (10.1% vs. 2.9%, p<0.05), but was similar among seniors with and without glaucoma (3.9% vs. 3.1%, p>0.05). After adjusting for the effects of age, sex, education, household income, ethnicity, job status and chronic diseases (adjusted odds ratio, aOR = 3.4 (95% confidence interval (CI) 2.0–5.8), seniors with VI but no glaucoma were more likely not to engage in any social activities compared to seniors without VI and no glaucoma. Seniors with glaucoma but without VI had a similar level of non-participation (aOR = 0.9, 95%% CI 0.5–1.7).

Conclusions

Significantly reduced social participation was found across six community activities among seniors with self-reported VI and in three activities among those with self-reported glaucoma. Policies and programs that help seniors with VI or glaucoma engage in social activities are needed.

Related collections

Most cited references 44

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Social group memberships protect against future depression, alleviate depression symptoms and prevent depression relapse.

Tegan Cruwys, Genevieve Dingle, Catherine Haslam … (2013)

A growing body of research suggests that a lack of social connectedness is strongly related to current depression and increases vulnerability to future depression. However, few studies speak to the potential benefits of fostering social connectedness among persons already depressed or to the protective properties of this for future depression trajectories. We suggest that this may be in part because connectedness tends to be understood in terms of (difficult to establish) ties to specific individuals rather than ties to social groups. The current study addresses these issues by using population data to demonstrate that the number of groups that a person belongs to is a strong predictor of subsequent depression (such that fewer groups predicts more depression), and that the unfolding benefits of social group memberships are stronger among individuals who are depressed than among those who are non-depressed. These analyses control for initial group memberships, initial depression, age, gender, socioeconomic status, subjective health status, relationship status and ethnicity, and were examined both proximally (across 2 years, N = 5055) and distally (across 4 years, N = 4087). Depressed respondents with no group memberships who joined one group reduced their risk of depression relapse by 24%; if they joined three groups their risk of relapse reduced by 63%. Together this evidence suggests that membership of social groups is both protective against developing depression and curative of existing depression. The implications of these results for public health and primary health interventions are discussed. Copyright © 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

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Vision impairment and hearing loss among community-dwelling older Americans: implications for health and functioning.

John Crews, Vincent Campbell (2004)

We investigated the health, activity, and social participation of people aged 70 years or older with vision impairment, hearing loss, or both. We examined the 1994 Second Supplement on Aging to determine the health and activities of these 3 groups compared with those without sensory loss. We calculated odds ratios and classified variables according to the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health framework. Older people with only hearing loss reported disparities in health, activities, and social roles; those with only vision impairment reported greater disparities; and those with both reported the greatest disparities. A hierarchical pattern emerged as impairments predicted consistent disparities in activities and social participation. This population's patterns of health and activities have public health implications.

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Prevalence of glaucoma. The Beaver Dam Eye Study.

M Menage, W Sponsel, Marina Klein … (1992)

The purpose of this study is to determine the prevalence of glaucoma in the population participating in the Beaver Dam Eye Study (n = 4926). All subjects were examined according to standard protocols, which included applanation tonometry, examination of the anterior chamber, perimetry, grading of fundus photographs of the optic disc, and a medical history interview. Visual field, cup-to-disc ratio, and intraocular pressure (IOP) criteria were used to define the presence of open-angle glaucoma. Definite open-angle glaucoma was defined by the presence of any two or all three of the following: abnormal visual field, large or asymmetric cup-to-disc ratio, high IOP. The overall prevalence of definite open-angle glaucoma was 2.1%. The prevalence increased with age from 0.9% in people 43 to 54 years of age to 4.7% in people 75 years of age or older. There was no significant effect of sex after adjusting for age. Of the 104 cases of definite open-angle glaucoma, 33 had IOPs less than 22 mmHg in the involved eye. Hemorrhage on the optic disc was found in 46 people; 2 of these had glaucoma. Narrow-angle glaucoma was rare, with two definite cases in the population. The prevalence of open-angle glaucoma in Beaver Dam is similar to that in other white populations. Findings from this study re-emphasize the notion that estimates of glaucoma prevalence should be based on assessing multiple risk indicators.

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Author and article information

Contributors

Shicheng Jin:

ORCID: http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5241-9696

Role: VisualizationRole: Writing – original draftRole: Writing – review & editing

Graham E. Trope: Role: Funding acquisitionRole: SupervisionRole: Writing – review & editing

Yvonne M. Buys: Role: SupervisionRole: Writing – review & editing

Elizabeth M. Badley: Role: ConceptualizationRole: SupervisionRole: VisualizationRole: Writing – review & editing

Kednapa Thavorn: Role: Formal analysisRole: SoftwareRole: Writing – review & editing

Peng Yan: Role: SupervisionRole: Writing – review & editing

Harrish Nithianandan: Role: Writing – review & editing

Ya-Ping Jin: Role: ConceptualizationRole: Data curationRole: Formal analysisRole: Funding acquisitionRole: InvestigationRole: MethodologyRole: Project administrationRole: ResourcesRole: SoftwareRole: SupervisionRole: ValidationRole: VisualizationRole: Writing – original draftRole: Writing – review & editing

Kenzie Latham-Mintus: Role: Editor

Journal

Journal ID (nlm-ta): PLoS One

Journal ID (iso-abbrev): PLoS ONE

Journal ID (publisher-id): plos

Journal ID (pmc): plosone

Title: PLoS ONE

Publisher: Public Library of Science (San Francisco, CA USA )

ISSN (Electronic): 1932-6203

Publication date (Electronic): 23 July 2019

Publication date Collection: 2019

Volume: 14

Issue: 7

Electronic Location Identifier: e0218540

Affiliations

[1 ] Department of Ophthalmology and Vision Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada

[2 ] Division of Health Care and Outcomes Research, Toronto Western Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada

[3 ] Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada

[4 ] Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada, School of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada

[5 ] Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada

[6 ] Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada

Indiana University Purdue University at Indianapolis, UNITED STATES

Author notes

Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

* E-mail: yaping.jin@ 123456utoronto.ca

Author information

Shicheng Jin http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5241-9696

Article

Publisher ID: PONE-D-19-00107

DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0218540

PMC ID: 6650048

PubMed ID: 31335896

SO-VID: a4af8bb0-3ccb-43ea-9c82-ca5a15282bd8

License:

This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.

History

Date received : 2 January 2019

Date accepted : 4 June 2019

Page count

Figures: 6, Tables: 1, Pages: 16

Funding

Funded by: funder-id http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100000024, Canadian Institutes of Health Research;

Award ID: 117120

Award Recipient : Ya-Ping Jin

Funded by: funder-id http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100000024, Canadian Institutes of Health Research;

Award ID: 126901

Award Recipient : Ya-Ping Jin

Funded by: funder-id http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/100013501, CNIB;

Award ID: Baker Research Grant - No grant number given

Award Recipient : Ya-Ping Jin

Funded by: funder-id http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/100008071, Glaucoma Research Society of Canada;

Award Recipient : Ya-Ping Jin

YPJ, GET were funded by Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR SEC 117120 and CIHR HRA 126901; www.cihr-irsc.gc.ca); Canadian National Institute for the Blind (CNIB) Baker Research Grant (no grant number given; http://www.cnib.ca) and Glaucoma Research Society of Canada (no grant number given; www.glaucomaresearch.ca). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.

Custom metadata

Data Availability Access to this third party data set is through the Statistics Canada Research Data Centres (RDC) Program. The data used in this project was not data owned by the authors. RDCs are operated under the provisions of the Statistics Act in accordance with all the confidentiality rules. Researchers with approved projects by Statistics Canada can access the data. If you are interested in obtaining access to these datasets detailed contact information and application processes to gain access and guidelines to use RDC data can be found at https://www.statcan.gc.ca/eng/rdc/process. The authors did not have any special access privileges that others would not have.

Reduced social participation among seniors with self-reported visual impairment and glaucoma

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Abstract

Objective

Methods

Results

Conclusions

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Most cited references 44

Social group memberships protect against future depression, alleviate depression symptoms and prevent depression relapse.

Vision impairment and hearing loss among community-dwelling older Americans: implications for health and functioning.

Prevalence of glaucoma. The Beaver Dam Eye Study.

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