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      Near-Infrared and Optical Beam Steering and Frequency Splitting in Air-Holes-in-Silicon Inverse Photonic Crystals

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          Abstract

          We present the design of a dielectric inverse photonic crystal structure that couples line-defect waveguide propagating modes into highly directional beams of controllable directionality. The structure utilizes a triangular lattice made of air holes drilled in an infinitely thick Si slab, and it is designed for operation in the near-infrared and optical regime. The structure operation is based on the excitation and manipulation of dark dielectric surface states, in particular on the tailoring of the dark states’ coupling to outgoing radiation. This coupling is achieved with the use of properly designed external corrugations. The structure adapts and matches modes that travel through the photonic crystal and the free space. Moreover it facilitates the steering of the outgoing waves, is found to generate well-defined, spatially and spectrally isolated beams, and may serve as a frequency splitting component designed for operation in the near-infrared regime and in particular the telecom optical wavelength band. The design complies with the state-of-the-art Si nanofabrication technology and can be directly scaled for operation in the optical regime.

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          Most cited references42

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          Beaming light from a subwavelength aperture.

          Light usually diffracts in all directions when it emerges from a subwavelength aperture, which puts a lower limit on the size of features that can be used in photonics. This limitation can be overcome by creating a periodic texture on the exit side of a single aperture in a metal film. The transmitted light emerges from the aperture as a beam with a small angular divergence (approximately +/-3 degrees ) whose directionality can be controlled. This finding is especially surprising, considering that the radiating region is mainly confined to an area with lateral dimensions comparable to the wavelength of the light. The device occupies no more than one cubic micrometer and, when combined with enhanced transmission, suggests that a wide range of photonic applications is possible.
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            Surface Plasmons in Thin Films

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              Two-dimensional photonic-bandgap structures operating at near-infrared wavelengths

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                Author and article information

                Journal
                ACS Photonics
                ACS Photonics
                ph
                apchd5
                ACS Photonics
                American Chemical Society
                2330-4022
                28 September 2017
                15 November 2017
                : 4
                : 11
                : 2782-2788
                Affiliations
                []Institute of Electronic Structure and Laser, FORTH , 71110, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
                []Ames Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Iowa State University , Ames, Iowa 50011, United States
                []Department of Materials Science and Technology, University of Crete , 71003, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
                Author notes
                Article
                10.1021/acsphotonics.7b00739
                5840860
                a4d2e48d-c796-4751-b734-52d3e0b10285
                Copyright © 2017 American Chemical Society

                This is an open access article published under an ACS AuthorChoice License, which permits copying and redistribution of the article or any adaptations for non-commercial purposes.

                History
                : 12 July 2017
                Categories
                Article
                Custom metadata
                ph7b00739
                ph-2017-00739h

                photonic crystals,dielectric media,surface states,directional emission,frequency splitting,beam steering

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