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      Atmospheric Pressure Plasma-Mediated Synthesis of Platinum Nanoparticles Stabilized by Poly(vinylpyrrolidone) with Application in Heat Management Systems for Internal Combustion Chambers

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          Abstract

          Poly(vinylpyrrolidone)-stabilized Pt nanoparticles (PVP-PtNPs) were produced in a continuous-flow reaction-discharge system by application of direct current atmospheric pressure glow discharge (dc-APGD) operated between the surface of a flowing liquid anode (FLA) and a pin-type tungsten cathode. Synthesized PVP-PtNPs exhibited absorption across the entire UV/Vis region. The morphology and elemental composition of PVP-PtNPs were determined with transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and energy dispersive X-ray scattering (EDX), respectively. As assessed by TEM, PVP-PtNPs were approximately spherical in shape, with an average size of 2.9 ± 0.6 nm. EDX proved the presence of Pt, C, and O. Dynamic light scattering (DLS) and attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy (ATR FT-IR) confirmed PtNPs functionalization with PVP. As determined by DLS, the average size of PtNPs stabilized by PVP was 111.4 ± 22.6 nm. A fluid containing resultant PVP-PtNPs was used as a heat conductive layer for a spiral radiator managing heat generated by a simulated internal combustion chamber. As compared to water, the use of PVP-PtNPs enhanced efficiency of the system, increasing the rate of heat transfer by 80% and 30% during heating and cooling, respectively.

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          Heat transfer enhancement of nanofluids

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            Plasma–liquid interactions: a review and roadmap

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              Heat Transfer in Nanofluids—A Review

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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Nanomaterials (Basel)
                Nanomaterials (Basel)
                nanomaterials
                Nanomaterials
                MDPI
                2079-4991
                15 August 2018
                August 2018
                : 8
                : 8
                : 619
                Affiliations
                [1 ]Department of Analytical Chemistry and Chemical Metallurgy, Faculty of Chemistry, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Wybrzeze St. Wyspianskiego 27, 50-370 Wroclaw, Poland; pawel.pohl@ 123456pwr.edu.pl (P.P.); terefinko.dominik@ 123456gmail.com (D.T.); piotr.jamroz@ 123456pwr.edu.pl (P.J.)
                [2 ]Department of Polymer and Carbonaceous Materials, Faculty of Chemistry, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Wybrzeze St. Wyspianskiego 27, 50-370 Wroclaw, Poland; piotr.cyganowski@ 123456pwr.edu.pl (P.C.); dorota.jermakowicz-bartkowiak@ 123456pwr.edu.pl (D.J.-B.)
                Author notes
                [* ]Correspondence: anna.dzimitrowicz@ 123456pwr.edu.pl ; Tel.: +48-71-320-24-94
                Author information
                https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1072-8989
                https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3110-4246
                https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1844-7188
                https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3813-9350
                Article
                nanomaterials-08-00619
                10.3390/nano8080619
                6116269
                30111716
                a4fb2b37-a82f-4689-a323-c24229be4d15
                © 2018 by the authors.

                Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license ( http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

                History
                : 25 July 2018
                : 13 August 2018
                Categories
                Article

                direct current atmospheric pressure glow discharge,heat transfer,nanostructures,plasma–liquid interactions,stabilizer

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