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      Measuring community integration using Geographic Information Systems (GIS) and participatory mapping for people who were once homeless.

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          Abstract

          Measures of community integration rely on self-report assessments that often quantify physical or social participation, but fail to capture the individual׳s spatial presence in the community. The current study documents the activity space, or area of daily experiences, of 37 individuals who were once homeless through participatory mapping and Geographic Information Systems (GIS). Contrary to expectations, there was no significant relationship between activity space size and community integration measures, except a negative association with physical integration. Further analysis revealed, however, that continued use of homeless services, geographically spread throughout the city, was associated with larger activity space size, but may be counterproductive to social and psychological integration efforts. Analysis of the types of locations identified revealed high importance given to leisure locations and ongoing involvement with medical and mental health locations. Finally, community integration outcomes did not differ significantly by demographics or housing type, but rather degree of family involvement and feeling like home, factors that may have more potential for change.

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          Author and article information

          Journal
          Health Place
          Health & place
          1873-2054
          1353-8292
          May 2014
          : 27
          Affiliations
          [1 ] Rehabilitation Counseling and Psychology, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 4102 Bondurant Hall, Campus Box 7205, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7205, USA. Electronic address: dara_chan@med.unc.edu.
          [2 ] Occupational Therapy, Boston University, Boston, USA.
          [3 ] Occupational Therapy, Boston University, Boston, USA; Center for Psychiatric Rehabilitation, Boston, USA.
          [4 ] Earth and Environment, Boston University, Boston, USA.
          Article
          S1353-8292(13)00175-5
          10.1016/j.healthplace.2013.12.011
          24589632
          a52c7588-3b96-4dea-9dcb-65255b7f3d99
          Copyright © 2014 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved.
          History

          Activity space,Community integration,Disability,Geographic Information Systems (GIS),Homelessness

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