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      Effects of different anti-caries agents on microhardness and superficial microstructure of irradiated permanent dentin: an in vitro study

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          Abstract

          Background

          To compare different anti-caries agents on microhardness and micromorphology of irradiated permanent dentin in vitro, and try to find the most effective agent to prevent radiation-dentin-destruction.

          Methods

          A total of 120 dentin samples were prepared from 60 human teeth and randomly divided into 8 groups ( n = 15), [ (1)] blank control [2]; irradiation control [3]; irradiation+ fluoride [4]; irradiation+ casein phosphate polypeptide-amorphous calcium phosphate (CPP-ACP) [5]; irradiation+ CPP-ACP+ fluoride [6]; irradiation+ infiltration resin [7]; irradiation+ infiltration resin+ fluoride [8]; irradiation+ infiltration resin+ CPP-ACP. Seven samples of each groups were chosen randomly for microhardness test and eight for scanning electron microscope observation. Results: A decrease of microhardness ( P < 0.05) and an obvious morphological change were presented on dentin surface after radiotherapy. After applications of anti-caries agents, the morphological destructions were effectively restored. The infiltration resin plus fluoride group (56.00 ± 4.02 Kg/mm 2), infiltration resin plus CPP-ACP group (56.05 ± 3.69 Kg/mm 2), infiltration resin group (54.70 ± 4.42Kg/mm 2) and CPP-ACP plus fluoride group (53.84 ± 6.23Kg/mm 2) had the highest dentin microhardness value after radiotherapy, and no statistically significant difference were found between them.

          Conclusions

          Infiltration resin, CPP-ACP, fluoride and their pairwise combination can effectively prevent radiation-dentin-destruction. Among them, infiltration resin with CPP-ACP, infiltration resin with fluoride, CPP-ACP with fluoride, and infiltration resin have the most protective effects on irradiation-dentin-destructions.

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          Remineralization potential of fluoride and amorphous calcium phosphate-casein phospho peptide on enamel lesions: An in vitro comparative evaluation

          S. Lata, N. O. Varghese, Jolly Varughese (2010)
          Aim: This in vitro study was conducted on enamel blocks of human premolars with the aim of evaluating the remineralization potential of fluoride and ACP-CPP and the combination of ACP-CPP and fluoride on early enamel lesions. Materials and Methods: Fifteen intact carious free human premolars were selected. The coronal part of each tooth was sectioned into four parts to make 4 enamel blocks. The baseline SMH (surface microhardness) was measured for all the enamel specimens using Vickers microhardness (VHN) testing machine. Artificial enamel carious lesions were created by inserting the specimens in demineralization solution for 3 consecutive days. The SMH of the demineralised specimens was evaluated. Then the four enamel sections of each tooth were subjected to various surface treatments, i.e. Group 1- Fluoride varnish, Group 2- ACP-CPP cream, Group 3- Fluoride + ACP-CPP & Group 4- Control (No surface treatment). A caries progression test (pH cycling) was carried out, which consisted of alternative demineralization (3hours) and remineralization with artificial saliva (21 hours) for five consecutive days. After pH cycling again SMH of each specimen was assessed to evaluate the remineralization potential of each surface treatment agent. Then, to asses the remineralization potential of various surface treatments at the subsurface level, each enamel specimen was longitudinally sectioned through the centre to expose the subsurface enamel area. Cross-sectional microhardness (CSMH) was evaluated to assess any subsurface remineralization Results: Statistical analysis using one-way ANOVA followed by multiple comparisons test was applied to detect significant differences at P ≤ 0.05 levels between various surface treatments at different phases. Conclusions: With in the limits, the present study concludes that; ACP-CPP cream is effective, but to a lesser extent than fluoride in remineralizing early enamel caries at surface level. Combination of fluoride and ACP-CPP does not provide any additive remineralization potential compared to fluoride alone. Fluoride, ACP-CPP and their combination are not effective in remineralizing the early enamel caries at the subsurface level.
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            Comparison of Artificial Caries-Like Lesions by Quantitative Microradiography and Microhardness Profiles

            M. Shariati, J.M. ten Cate, J.D.B. Featherstone … (1983)
            Article 0 comments Cited 39 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
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              Masking of white spot lesions by resin infiltration in vitro.

              J Keltsch, C Dörfer, F Schwendicke … (2013)
              The aim of this in vitro study was to evaluate the ability of one commercial and five experimental infiltrating resins (infiltrants) to camouflage enamel white spot lesions immediately after resin infiltration and after a staining period. In each of 120 bovine enamel samples, two artificial caries lesions were created (windows A and C; pH=4.95, 50 days), whereas two windows were protected serving as sound controls (B and D). After etching windows C and D (37% phosphoric acid), specimens were randomly allocated to 6 groups. Either one of 5 experimental infiltrants or a commercial infiltrant (Icon, DMG) (refractive indices 1.50-1.55) was applied and light cured. After half of each specimen was polished, samples were remineralized (pH=7.0) and stained with tea and red wine for 50 days. Photographic images after various treatment steps were obtained. Color differences (ΔE) of untreated (A) and treated lesions (C) as well as infiltrated sound enamel (D) were compared with untreated enamel (B). All infiltrants showed significantly better color match with sound enamel (median ΔE [25th/75th percentile]: 2.2 [1.5/3.1]) than untreated controls (9.3 [8.0/10.9]) (p 0.05). Staining was significantly reduced for polished infiltrated lesions compared to untreated or infiltrated unpolished lesions (p<0.001). Resin infiltration is suitable to mask artificial white spot lesions. Polished infiltrated lesions are resistant to staining in vitro. Resin infiltration is a micro-invasive approach to camouflage post-orthodontic white spot lesions. Copyright © 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                LiLing Wu: v.claire@163.com
                Kun Geng: 690751194@qq.com
                QingPing Gao:
                ORCID: http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6765-5106
                0731-89753293 , gqp19722005@163.com
                Journal
                Journal ID (nlm-ta): BMC Oral Health
                Journal ID (iso-abbrev): BMC Oral Health
                Title: BMC Oral Health
                Publisher: BioMed Central (London )
                ISSN (Electronic): 1472-6831
                Publication date (Electronic): 14 June 2019
                Publication date PMC-release: 14 June 2019
                Publication date Collection: 2019
                Volume: 19
                Electronic Location Identifier: 113
                Affiliations
                [1 ]ISNI 0000 0004 1757 7615, GRID grid.452223.0, Center of Stomatology, Xiangya Hospital Central South University, ; Changsha, 410008 Hunan Province China
                [2 ]ISNI 0000 0004 0604 9729, GRID grid.413280.c, Department of Stomatology, ZhongShan Hospital Xiamen University, ; Xiamen, 361004 China
                Author information
                http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6765-5106
                Article
                Publisher ID: 815
                DOI: 10.1186/s12903-019-0815-4
                PMC ID: 6570839
                PubMed ID: 31200708
                SO-VID: a546266a-8cda-4869-93fa-c5264a99e311
                Copyright © © The Author(s). 2019
                License:

                Open AccessThis article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License ( http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver ( http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.

                History
                Date received : 20 December 2018
                Date accepted : 4 June 2019
                Funding
                Funded by: Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province
                Award ID: 2017JJ2377
                Award Recipient :
                Categories
                Subject: Research Article
                Custom metadata
                issue-copyright-statement © The Author(s) 2019

                ScienceOpen disciplines: Dentistry
                Keywords: radiotherapy,permanent dentin,infiltration resin,casein phosphate polypeptide-amorphous calcium phosphate (cpp-acp)
                Data availability:
                ScienceOpen disciplines: Dentistry
                Keywords: radiotherapy, permanent dentin, infiltration resin, casein phosphate polypeptide-amorphous calcium phosphate (cpp-acp)

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