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      A contribuição de Karl Mannheim para a pesquisa qualitativa: aspectos teóricos e metodológicos Translated title: Karl Mannheim's contribution to qualitative research: theoretical and methodological aspects

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          Abstract

          O presente trabalho retoma a contribuição de Karl Mannheim na construção de um método interpretativo de pesquisa. Discute as reflexões metodológicas e o desenvolvimento de um método de análise das visões de mundo, denominado método documentário de interpretação. A Etnometodologia foi a primeira corrente teórico-metodológica a reconhecer a importância do método documentário de interpretação de Karl Mannheim para a análise de dados qualitativos. Na Alemanha, o sociólogo Ralf Bohnsack retomou e atualizou o método documentário, tanto do ponto de vista do método como da metodologia, transformando-o numa ferramenta de análise de entrevistas individuais e grupais, imagens, fotografias e documentos. O método documentário como teoria e prática da interpretação sociológica pode ser visto como um instrumento que permite a inserção do(a) pesquisador(a) nos contextos sociais alheios, a compreensão e conceituação das visões de mundo ou orientações coletivas de um grupo, suas ações e formas de representação. Nesse sentido, o método documentário de interpretação transcende o nível da análise intuitiva ou dedutiva e instiga a construção de instrumentos analíticos capazes de mapear e dar forma às experiências cotidianas, que carecem de reflexão teórica.

          Translated abstract

          The present work resumes Karl Mannheim's contribution to the construction of an interpretive research method. It discusses methodological reflections and the development of a method of analysis of worldviews called documentary method of interpretation. Ethnomethodology was the first theoretical-methodological line of thought to recognize the importance of Karl Mannheim's documentary method of interpretation for the analysis of quantitative data. In Germany, sociologist Ralf Bohnsack resumed and updated the documentary method both from the point of view of method and methodology, turning it into a tool to analyze individual and group interviews, images, photographs, and documents. The documentary method as theory and practice of sociological interpretation can be seen as an instrument that allows to place the researcher in unknown social contexts, understanding and conceptualizing worldviews or collective orientations of a group as well as its actions and ways of representations. Therefore, the documentary method transcends the level of intuitive or deductive analysis and instigates the construction of analytical instruments able to map and shape everyday experiences, which lack theoretical reflection.

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          The Discovery of Grounded Theory

          <p>Most writing on sociological method has been concerned with how accurate facts can be obtained and how theory can thereby be more rigorously tested. In The Discovery of Grounded Theory, Barney Glaser and Anselm Strauss address the equally Important enterprise of how the discovery of theory from data--systematically obtained and analyzed in social research--can be furthered. The discovery of theory from data--grounded theory--is a major task confronting sociology, for such a theory fits empirical situations, and is understandable to sociologists and laymen alike. Most important, it provides relevant predictions, explanations, interpretations, and applications.</p><p>In Part I of the book, Generation Theory by Comparative Analysis, the authors present a strategy whereby sociologists can facilitate the discovery of grounded theory, both substantive and formal. This strategy involves the systematic choice and study of several comparison groups. In Part II, The Flexible Use of Data, the generation of theory from qualitative, especially documentary, and quantitative data Is considered. In Part III, Implications of Grounded Theory, Glaser and Strauss examine the credibility of grounded theory.</p><p>The Discovery of Grounded Theory is directed toward improving social scientists' capacity for generating theory that will be relevant to their research. While aimed primarily at sociologists, it will be useful to anyone Interested In studying social phenomena--political, educational, economic, industrial-- especially If their studies are based on qualitative data.</p></p>
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              Enterovirus type 71 infections: a varied clinical pattern sometimes mimicking paralytic poliomyelitis.

              Not all poliomyelitis-like paralytic illnesses can be attributed to polioviruses. Among the most recently recognized agents able to cause severe central nervous system disease with persistent flaccid paralysis is enterovirus type 71. In the 1969-1973 California outbreaks during which strains of this type were first reported, meningitis predominated, but cases of encephalitis were also seen. Outbreaks in different regions of the world followed. In some, hand-foot-and-mouth syndrome predominated; in others, meningitis; and in some, the clinical patterns were mixed. In the 1975 Bulgarian outbreak of greater than 705 cases, 149 patients developed paralysis and 44 others died. Enterovirus 71 was incriminated as the cause of the epidemic, in which infants and young children were the chief victims. The 1978 Hungarian epidemic of central nervous system disease was mixed, involving a tick-borne encephalitis virus among adults and enterovirus 71 among children. This newly recognized enterovirus is also significant in relation to polio vaccines. At some time, vaccine inevitably will be given to persons already incubating enterovirus 71 infection, who then may present with the paralytic syndrome due to the wild enterovirus. Such cases could be mistakenly designated as related to polio vaccine, particularly since many enterovirus 71 strains are difficult to isolate under conditions that would readily yield poliovirus isolates from the vaccine.
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Role: ND
                Journal
                soc
                Sociologias
                Sociologias
                Programa de Pós-Graduação em Sociologia - UFRGS (Porto Alegre )
                1807-0337
                June 2005
                : 0
                : 13
                : 260-300
                Affiliations
                [1 ] Universidade Livre de Berlim
                [2 ] Universidade de Brasília Brazil
                [3 ] Núcleo de Estudos e Pesquisa sobre a Mulher
                [4 ] GP Violência, Cidadania e Segurança
                Article
                S1517-45222005000100011
                10.1590/S1517-45222005000100011
                a588a84a-952c-4265-9947-73cc5d332f1b

                http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

                History
                Product

                SciELO Brazil

                Self URI (journal page): http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_serial&pid=1517-4522&lng=en
                Categories
                SOCIOLOGY

                Sociology
                Karl Mannheim,Qualitative research,Documentary method of interpretation,Analysis of interviews,pesquisa qualitativa,método documentário de interpretação,análise de entrevistas

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