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      The effect of endurance training on the neovascularization of skeletal musculature Translated title: Efeito do treinamento de endurance sobre a neovascularização da musculatura esquelética

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          Abstract

          PURPOSE: To quantify the capillaries in the skeletal muscular tissue of mice with induced peripheral arterial insufficiency, after endurance training. METHOD: It was used Wistar mice in 70 days age range, subjected to the total occlusion of right femoral artery. The animals were divided into two groups: sedentary group (SG; n = 05), subjected to activities in the cage; and trained group (TG; n = 05), subjected to an endurance training in cycle ergometer twice a day 17m/min, by 5 minutes, 5 days per week during 10 weeks. The analysis was realized by the histologic observation of the vastus medialis muscle of injured member. RESULTS: The average number of capillaries in the muscular tissue was greater in TG (5,2 ± 0,83) than in SG (1,6 ± 1,14) (p < 0,05). CONCLUSION: In animals with induction of peripheral arterial insufficiency, the endurance training provides a process of muscular adaptation which is observed by the increase in the number of capillaries of animals subjected to this kind of training.

          Translated abstract

          OBJETIVO: Quantificar os capilares no tecido muscular esquelético em ratos com insuficiência arterial periférica induzida, após treinamento de endurance. MÉTODOS: Foram utilizados ratos Wistar, idade de 70 dias, submetidos à oclusão total da artéria femoral direita. Os animais foram divididos em grupo sedentário (GS; n = 05), submetidos a atividades na própria gaiola; e grupo treinado (GT; n = 05), submetidos ao treinamento de endurance em ciclo ergômetro, duas vezes ao dia, 17 m/min, por 5 minutos, 5 dias por semana, durante 10 semanas. A análise foi realizada pela observação histológica do músculo vasto medial do membro afetado. RESULTADOS: O número médio de capilares no tecido muscular foi de 5,2 ± 0,837 (p < 0,05) no GT e de 1,6 ± 1,140 no GS. CONCLUSÃO: Em animais com indução da insuficiência arterial periférica, submetidos ao treinamento de endurance, há um processo de adaptação muscular, observado pelo aumento do número de capilares nos animais submetidos a esse tipo de treinamento.

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          Resistance and aerobic training in older men: effects on VO2peak and the capillary supply to skeletal muscle.

          Both aerobic training (AT) and resistance training (RT) may increase aerobic power (VO2peak) in the older population; however, the role of changes in the capillary supply in this response has not been evaluated. Twenty healthy men (age 65-74 yr) engaged in either 9 wk of lower body RT followed by 9 wk of AT on a cycle ergometer (RT-->AT group) or 18 wk of AT on a cycle ergometer (AT-->AT group). RT was performed three times per week and consisted of three sets of four exercises at 6-12 repetitions maximum. AT was performed three times per week for 30 min at 60-70% heart rate reserve. VO2peak was increased after both RT and AT (P < 0.05). Biopsies (vastus lateralis) revealed that the number of capillaries per fiber perimeter length was increased after both AT and RT (P < 0.05), paralleling the changes in VO2peak, whereas capillary density was increased only after AT (P < 0.01). These results, and the finding of a significant correlation between the change in capillary supply and VO2peak (r = 0.52), suggest the possibility that similar mechanisms may be involved in the increase of VO2peak after high-intensity RT and AT in the older population.
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            Training increases collateral-dependent muscle blood flow in aged rats.

            The potential for physical training to enhance collateral-dependent blood flow (BF) to the hindlimbs of aged male rats (Fischer 344) was evaluated following bilateral femoral artery ligation at 20.5 mo of age. Rats were either limited to cage activity (sedentary, n = 11) or trained by a mild-intensity treadmill program (trained, n = 14), which involved walking twice a day at 15 m/min (15% grade) to fatigue, 5 days/wk for 8-11 wk. Exercise tolerance of the trained rats increased from approximately 5 to approximately 25 min/bout by week 7, whereas exercise tolerance of the sedentary group changed little (to approximately 8 min/bout) during the training period. At approximately 23 mo age, animals were surgically prepared for hindquarter perfusion (aortic pressure = 100 +/- 1.3 mmHg) and force measurement of the left gastrocnemius-plantaris-soleus (GPS) muscle group during isometric contractions at 4, 8, 15, 30, and 45 tetani/min via sciatic nerve stimulation (approximately 6 V, 0.1-ms square waves at 100 Hz for 100 ms). Although initial force development was similar between groups (12.9 N/g), trained rats maintained tension better at 8, 15, 30, and 45 tetani/min (P < 0.01). BF to the entire hindlimb of the trained group, determined with 85Sr 15-microns microspheres, was 43% greater (P < 0.05) than in the sedentary group. Thus collateral-dependent BF was improved by physical training. The greatest increase in BF was to the distal limb muscles (approximately 78%), the tissues most at risk during intermittent claudication.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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              Adaptation of human skeletal muscle to exercise-training

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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Journal
                acb
                Acta Cirurgica Brasileira
                Acta Cir. Bras.
                Sociedade Brasileira para o Desenvolvimento da Pesquisa em Cirurgia (São Paulo )
                1678-2674
                December 2006
                : 21
                : 6
                : 398-401
                Affiliations
                [1 ] Universidade Federal de Pernambuco Brazil
                [2 ] Universidade Federal de Pernambuco Brazil
                [3 ] Universidade Federal de Pernambuco Brazil
                Article
                S0102-86502006000600008
                10.1590/S0102-86502006000600008
                a6a4b69d-f561-4547-a568-b6ce47a302c2

                http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

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                Product

                SciELO Brazil

                Self URI (journal page): http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_serial&pid=0102-8650&lng=en
                Categories
                SURGERY

                Surgery
                Femoral Artery,Physical Endurance,Artéria Femoral,Resistência Física
                Surgery
                Femoral Artery, Physical Endurance, Artéria Femoral, Resistência Física

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