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      Mixobiota do Parque Nacional Serra de Itabaiana, SE, Brasil: Stemonitales Translated title: Myxobiota from the Serra de Itabaiana National Park, Sergipe State, Brazil: Stemonitales

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          Abstract

          Como parte do inventário da mixobiota do Parque Nacional Serra de Itabaiana, Sergipe, Nordeste do Brasil (10º40'52''S e 37º25'15''W, 180-670 m.s.m., 7.966 ha), avaliou-se a riqueza, abundância e constância das Stemonitales presentes em diferentes microhabitats e níveis altitudinais. Esporocarpos foram coletados durante 20 meses consecutivos, desde abril/2002 até dezembro/2003; amostras de substratos foram também coletadas para cultivo em câmara-úmida. Coleções do material estudado foram depositadas no Herbário UFP. Foram identificadas 14 espécies de Stemonitidaceae, pertencentes aos gêneros Collaria, Comatricha, Lamproderma, Stemonitis e Stemonitopsis. As espécies foram organizadas em ordem alfabética em uma lista comentada e apresenta-se sua distribuição geográfica no Brasil. Representantes da ordem estiveram presentes em todos os microhabitats analisados, predominando as lignícolas, seguidas das foliícolas. Stemonitis flavogenita foi a única espécie areícola, comportando-se também como suculentícola. Nos cultivos em câmara-úmida, registrou-se uma espécie fimícola (Comatricha mirabilis) e três suculentícolas (Collaria arcyrionema, Comatricha laxa e Stemonitis fusca). As espécies mais abundantes foram S. fusca (constante), Stemonitis smithii, Stemonitis axifera e Stemonitis splendens (acessórias), presentes nos diferentes níveis altitudinais. Exceto C. mirabilis, todos os gêneros e espécies constituem primeira referência para o estado de Sergipe.

          Translated abstract

          As part of a survey of the Myxomycetes biota of the Serra de Itabaiana National Park (Sergipe State, Northeast Brazil; 10º40'52''S and 37º25'15''W; 180-670 m.s.m. 7,966 ha), we evaluated the richness, abundance, and constancy of the Stemonitales found in different microhabitats and height levels. Sporocarps were collected through 20 consecutive months, from April/2002 to December/2003; substrate samples were also collected for moist-chambers cultures. Collections of the material studied were deposited in the UFP herbarium. Fourteen species of Stemonitidaceae were identified, belonging to genera Collaria, Comatricha, Lamproderma, Stemonitis, and Stemonitopsis. The species were organized alphabetically in a commented list where their geographic distribution for Brazil is presented. Stemonitales were present in all of the microhabitats analyzed, and the lignicolous and foliicolous species were predominant. Stemonitis flavogenita was the only areicolous species, and it also behaved as a succulenticolous. During the cultivation in the moist-chambers one fimicolous species was recorded (Comatricha mirabilis), as well as succulenticolous species (Collaria arcyrionema, Comatricha laxa, and Stemonitis fusca). The most abundant species were S. fusca (constant) and Stemonitis axifera, Stemonitis smithii, and Stemonitis splendens (accessory), which were found in the different altitude levels. Except for C. mirabilis, all of the genera and species are first records for the State of Sergipe.

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          The Myxomycetes of the IMUR herbarium, with special reference to Brazilian species

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            higher-order phylogeny of plasmodial slime molds (Myxogastria) based on elongation factor 1-A and small subunit rRNA gene sequences.

            The Myxogastria are common soil microorganisms with a life cycle comprised of a plasmodial trophic stage and large fruiting bodies generally visible with the unaided eye. Until now, their classification has been based exclusively on a combination of morphological, ultrastructural, and developmental characters. Our study is the first attempt to examine phylogenetic relationships among these taxa using molecular data. Partial small-subunit ribosomal RNA and/or elongation factor 1-alpha gene sequences were obtained from eleven, mostly field-collected species representing the five orders of Myxogastria. Nineteen sequences were obtained and subjected to phylogenetic analysis together with 10 sequences available from GenBank. Separate and combined analyses of the two data sets support the division of Myxogastria into three distinct groups. The most basal clade consists of the Echinosteliales, an order considered to have affinities with Protostelia. The three species examined possess unpigmented or slightly pigmented spores. The second group consists of Liceales and Trichiales, taxa characterized by the presence of clear, but pigmented, spores. The third group consists of the two remaining orders, Physarales and Stemonitales, both possessing dark spores. This suggests that spore pigmentation is an evolutionarily conservative character in myxogastrians, and that the simple morphology of echinostelids is not a derived feature.
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              A monograph of the Mycetozoa

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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Journal
                abb
                Acta Botanica Brasilica
                Acta Bot. Bras.
                Sociedade Botânica do Brasil (Belo Horizonte )
                1677-941X
                September 2009
                : 23
                : 3
                : 644-656
                Affiliations
                [1 ] Universidade Federal de Pernambuco Brazil
                [2 ] Universidade Federal de Pernambuco Brazil
                Article
                S0102-33062009000300004
                10.1590/S0102-33062009000300004
                a6c9b10a-6160-4353-b97c-7a04149646f1

                http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

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                Product

                SciELO Brazil

                Self URI (journal page): http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_serial&pid=0102-3306&lng=en
                Categories
                PLANT SCIENCES

                Plant science & Botany
                diversidad,microhabitats,Myxomycetes,Neotropics,diversidade,Neotrópicos
                Plant science & Botany
                diversidad, microhabitats, Myxomycetes, Neotropics, diversidade, Neotrópicos

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