Effectiveness of a 10% imidacloprid/4.5% flumethrin polymer matrix collar in reducing the risk of  Bartonella  spp. infection in privately owned cats

There is no author summary for this article yet. Authors can add summaries to their articles on ScienceOpen to make them more accessible to a non-specialist audience.

Abstract

Background

Bartonella henselae, Bartonella clarridgeiae and the rare Bartonella koehlerae are zoonotic pathogens, with cats being regarded as the main reservoir hosts. The spread of the infection among cats occurs mainly via fleas and specific preventive measures need to be implemented. The effectiveness of a 10% imidacloprid/4.5% flumethrin polymer matrix collar (Seresto®, Bayer Animal Health), registered to prevent flea and tick infestations, in reducing the risk of Bartonella spp. infection in privately owned cats, was assessed in a prospective longitudinal study.

Methods

In March-May 2015 [Day 0 (D0)], 204 privately-owned cats from the Aeolian Islands (Sicily) were collared (G1, n = 104) or left as controls (G2, n = 100). The bacteraemia of Bartonella spp. was assessed at enrolment (D0) and study closure (D360) by PCR and DNA sequencing both prior to and after an enrichment step, using Bartonella alpha proteobacteria growth medium (BAPGM).

Results

A total of 152 cats completed the study with 3 in G1 and 10 in G2 being positive for Bartonella spp. Bartonella henselae genotype I ZF1 (1.35%) and genotype II Fizz/Cal-1 (6.76%) as well as B. clarridgeiae (5.41%) were detected in cats of G2. Bartonella clarridgeiae was the only species detected in G1. Based on the yearly crude incidence of Bartonella spp. infection (i.e. 3.85% in G1 and 13.51% in G2; P = 0.03) the Seresto® collar achieved a preventative efficacy of 71.54%. The incidence of Bartonella spp. infection was more frequent in flea-infested cats (6/33, 18.18%) than in uninfested ones (7/112, 5.88%) ( P = 0.036).

Conclusions

Cats living in the Aeolian Islands are exposed to B. henselae and B. clarridgeiae. The Seresto® collar provided significant risk reduction against Bartonella spp. infection in outdoor cats under field conditions. Such a preventative tool could be a key contribution for decreasing the risk of Bartonella spp. infection in cats and thus ultimately to humans.

Related collections

Most cited references 53

Record: found
Abstract: found
Article: not found

Experimental transmission of Bartonella henselae by the cat flea.

Peter Chi, Lisbeth N Pedersen, Nicholas L. Abbott … (1996)

Bartonella henselae is an emerging bacterial pathogen, causing cat scratch disease and bacillary angiomatosis. Cats bacteremic with B. henselae constitute a large reservoir from which humans become infected. Prevention of human infection depends on elucidation of the natural history and means of feline infection. We studied 47 cattery cats in a private home for 12 months to determine the longitudinal prevalence of B. henselae bacteremia, the prevalence of B. henselae in the fleas infesting these cats, and whether B. henselae is transmitted experimentally to cats via fleas. Vector-mediated transmission of B.henselae isolates was evaluated by removing fleas from the naturally bacteremic, flea-infested cattery cats and transferring these fleas to specific-pathogen-free (SPF) kittens housed in a controlled, arthropod-free University Animal Facility. B. henselae bacteremia was detected in 89% of the 47 naturally infected cattery cats. A total of 132 fleas were removed from cats whose blood was simultaneously cultured during different seasons and were tested individually for the presence of B. henselae DNA by PCR. B. henselae DNA was detected in 34% of 132 fleas, with seasonal variation, but without an association between the presence or the level of bacteremia in the corresponding cat. Cat fleas removed from bacteremic cattery cats transmitted B. henselae to five SPF kittens in two separate experiments; however, control SPF kittens housed with highly bacteremic kittens in the absence of fleas did not become infected. These data demonstrate that the cat flea readily transmits B. henselae to cats. Control of feline infestation with this arthropod vector may provide an important strategy for the prevention of infection of both humans and cats.

0 comments Cited 118 times – based on 0 reviews      Review now

Bookmark

Record: found
Abstract: found
Article: not found

Factors associated with the rapid emergence of zoonotic Bartonella infections.

Henri-Jean Boulouis, Chao-Chin Chang, Jennifer Henn … (2015)

Within the last 15 years, several bacteria of the genus Bartonella were recognized as zoonotic agents in humans and isolated from various mammalian reservoirs. Based on either isolation of the bacterium or PCR testing, eight Bartonella species or subspecies have been recognized as zoonotic agents, including B. henselae, B. elizabethae, B. grahamii, B. vinsonii subsp. arupensis, B. vinsonii subsp. berkhoffii, B. grahamii, B. washoensis and more recently B. koehlerae. The present manuscript reviews the factors associated with the emergence of these zoonotic pathogens, including better diagnostic tools and methods to identify these fastidious bacteria, host immunosuppression (caused by infectious agents, cancer, aging or induced by immunosuppressive drugs), the interaction of co-infection by several infectious agents that may enhanced the pathogenecity of these bacteria, increased outdoor activity leading to exposure to wildlife reservoirs or vectors, poverty and low income associated with infestation by various ectoparasites, such as body lice and finally the dispersal of Bartonellae around the world. Furthermore, a description of the main epidemiological and clinical features of zoonotic Bartonellae is given. Finally, the main means for diagnosis, treatment and prevention of these diseases are presented.

0 comments Cited 92 times – based on 0 reviews      Review now

Bookmark

Record: found
Abstract: found
Article: not found

Bartonella infection in animals: carriership, reservoir potential, pathogenicity, and zoonotic potential for human infection.

Edward B. Breitschwerdt, Dorsey Kordick (2000)

Recent observations have begun to support a role for Bartonella spp. as animal as well as human pathogens. Bartonella spp. are vector-transmitted, blood-borne, intracellular, gram-negative bacteria that can induce prolonged infection in the host. Persistent infections in domestic and wild animals result in a substantial reservoir of Bartonella organisms in nature that can serve as a source for inadvertent human infection. The prevalence of bacteremia can range from 50 to 95% in selected rodent, cat, deer, and cattle populations. Dogs infected with Bartonella spp. can develop lameness, endocarditis, granulomatous lymphadenitis, and peliosis hepatis, lesions that have also been reported in association with human infection. Understanding the role of Bartonella spp. as pathogens in cats and other wild or domestic animals awaits the results of additional studies. Considering the extensive animal reservoirs and the large number of insects that have been implicated in the transmission of Bartonella spp., both animal and human exposure to these organisms may be more substantial than is currently believed.

0 comments Cited 84 times – based on 0 reviews      Review now

Bookmark

All references

Author and article information

Contributors

Grazia Greco:

ORCID: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4338-6746

grazia.greco@uniba.it

Emanuele Brianti: ebrianti@unime.it

Canio Buonavoglia: canio.buonavoglia@uniba.it

Grazia Carelli: grazia.carelli@uniba.it

Matthias Pollmeier: matthias.pollmeier@bayer.com

Bettina Schunack: bettina.schunack@bayer.com

Giulia Dowgier: giulia.dowgier@pirbright.ac.uk

Gioia Capelli: gcapelli@izsvenezie.it

Filipe Dantas-Torres: filipe.dantas@cpqam.fiocruz.br

Domenico Otranto: domenico.otranto@uniba.it

Journal

Journal ID (nlm-ta): Parasit Vectors

Journal ID (iso-abbrev): Parasit Vectors

Title: Parasites & Vectors

Publisher: BioMed Central (London )

ISSN (Electronic): 1756-3305

Publication date (Electronic): 1 February 2019

Publication date PMC-release: 1 February 2019

Publication date Collection: 2019

Volume: 12

Electronic Location Identifier: 69

Affiliations

[1 ]ISNI 0000 0001 0120 3326, GRID grid.7644.1, Dipartimento di Medicina Veterinaria, , Università degli Studi di Bari “Aldo Moro”, ; Bari, Italy

[2 ]ISNI 0000 0001 2178 8421, GRID grid.10438.3e, Dipartimento di Scienze Veterinarie, , Università degli Studi di Messina, ; Messina, Italy

[3 ]ISNI 0000 0004 0374 4101, GRID grid.420044.6, Bayer Animal Health GmbH, ; Leverkusen, Germany

[4 ]ISNI 0000 0004 0388 7540, GRID grid.63622.33, The Pirbright Institute, ; Ash Road, Pirbright, Surrey GU24 0NF UK

[5 ]Instituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, Laboratorio di Parassitologia, Legnaro, Italy

[6 ]ISNI 0000 0001 0723 0931, GRID grid.418068.3, Centro de Pesquisas Aggeu Magalhães, , Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, ; Recife, Brazil

Author information

Grazia Greco http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4338-6746

Article

Publisher ID: 3257

DOI: 10.1186/s13071-018-3257-y

PMC ID: 6359753

PubMed ID: 30709361

SO-VID: a6effbb3-aa05-4006-9516-124f376f0d03

License:

Open AccessThis article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License ( http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver ( http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.

History

Date received : 16 August 2018

Date accepted : 5 December 2018

Custom metadata

ScienceOpen disciplines: Parasitology

Keywords: bartonella henselae,bartonella clarridgeiae,phylogeny,zf1,fizz/cal1,genotype,feline vbds,incidence,prevention,pyrethroids,flumethrin

Data availability:

ScienceOpen disciplines: Parasitology

Keywords: bartonella henselae, bartonella clarridgeiae, phylogeny, zf1, fizz/cal1, genotype, feline vbds, incidence, prevention, pyrethroids, flumethrin

Effectiveness of a 10% imidacloprid/4.5% flumethrin polymer matrix collar in reducing the risk of Bartonella spp. infection in privately owned cats

Read this article at

Abstract

Background

Methods

Results

Conclusions

Related collections

Decoding Infection and Transmission

Most cited references 53

Experimental transmission of Bartonella henselae by the cat flea.

Factors associated with the rapid emergence of zoonotic Bartonella infections.

Bartonella infection in animals: carriership, reservoir potential, pathogenicity, and zoonotic potential for human infection.

Author and article information

Contributors

Journal

Affiliations

Author information

Article

History

Categories

Custom metadata

Comments

Comment on this article

Similar content 299

Cited by 4

Most referenced authors 757