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      Comparing chemical composition and lignin structure of Miscanthus x giganteus and Miscanthus nagara harvested in autumn and spring and separated into stems and leaves†

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      RSC Advances
      The Royal Society of Chemistry

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          Abstract

          Miscanthus crops possess very attractive properties such as high photosynthesis yield and carbon fixation rate. Because of these properties, it is currently considered for use in second-generation biorefineries. Here we analyze the differences in chemical composition between M. x giganteus, a commonly studied Miscanthus genotype, and M. nagara, which is relatively understudied but has useful properties such as increased frost resistance and higher stem stability. Samples of M. x giganteus (Gig35) and M. nagara (NagG10) have been separated by plant portion (leaves and stems) in order to isolate the corresponding lignins. The organosolv process was used for biomass pulping (80% ethanol solution, 170 °C, 15 bar). Biomass composition and lignin structure analysis were performed using composition analysis, Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR), ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), size exclusion chromatography (SEC) and pyrolysis gas-chromatography/mass spectrometry (Py-GC/MS) to determine the 3D structure of the isolated lignins, monolignol ratio and most abundant linkages depending on genotype and harvesting season. SEC data showed significant differences in the molecular weight and polydispersity indices for stem versus leaf-derived lignins. Py-GC/MS and hetero-nuclear single quantum correlation (HSQC) NMR revealed different monolignol compositions for the two genotypes (Gig35, NagG10). The monolignol ratio is slightly influenced by the time of harvest: stem-derived lignins of M. nagara showed increasing H and decreasing G unit content over the studied harvesting period (December–April).

          Abstract

          Miscanthus crops possess attractive properties such as high photosynthesis yield and carbon fixation rate. Moreover, M. nagara, shows good frost tolerance. Monolignol ratio and most abundant linkages of the isolated lignins have been identified.

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          Determination of structural carbohydrates and lignin in biomass

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            Desirable plant cell wall traits for higher-quality miscanthus lignocellulosic biomass

            Background Lignocellulosic biomass from dedicated energy crops such as Miscanthus spp. is an important tool to combat anthropogenic climate change. However, we still do not exactly understand the sources of cell wall recalcitrance to deconstruction, which hinders the efficient biorefining of plant biomass into biofuels and bioproducts. Results We combined detailed phenotyping, correlation studies and discriminant analyses, to identify key significantly distinct variables between miscanthus organs, genotypes and most importantly, between saccharification performances. Furthermore, for the first time in an energy crop, normalised total quantification of specific cell wall glycan epitopes is reported and correlated with saccharification. Conclusions In stems, lignin has the greatest impact on recalcitrance. However, in leaves, matrix glycans and their decorations have determinant effects, highlighting the importance of biomass fine structures, in addition to more commonly described cell wall compositional features. The results of our interrogation of the miscanthus cell wall promote the concept that desirable cell wall traits for increased biomass quality are highly dependent on the target biorefining products. Thus, for the development of biorefining ideotypes, instead of a generalist miscanthus variety, more realistic and valuable approaches may come from defining a collection of specialised cultivars, adapted to specific conditions and purposes. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13068-019-1426-7) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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              Determination of Extractives in Biomass;

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                Author and article information

                Journal
                RSC Adv
                RSC Adv
                RA
                RSCACL
                RSC Advances
                The Royal Society of Chemistry
                2046-2069
                13 March 2020
                11 March 2020
                13 March 2020
                : 10
                : 18
                : 10740-10751
                Affiliations
                [a] Department of Natural Sciences, Bonn-Rhein-Sieg University of Applied Sciences von-Liebig-Straße 20 D-53359 Rheinbach Germany margit.schulze@ 123456h-brs.de
                [b] Spectral Service AG Emil-Hoffmann-Strasse 33 D-50996 Köln Germany
                [c] Institute of Chemistry, Saratov State University Astrakhanskaya Street 83 410012 Saratov Russia
                [d] Department of Chemistry, Brandeis University MS 015, 415 South Street Waltham Massachusetts USA
                [e] Institute of Crop Science and Resource Conservation, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Bonn Klein-Altendorf 2 D-53359 Rheinbach Germany
                [f] Field Lab Campus Klein-Altendorf, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Bonn Campus Klein-Altendorf 1 D-53359 Rheinbach Germany
                Author information
                https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9989-2616
                https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4913-3248
                https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6176-239X
                https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8975-1753
                Article
                c9ra10576j
                10.1039/c9ra10576j
                9050404
                35492943
                a6fbef8f-3178-4846-9ba9-458e68ab7358
                This journal is © The Royal Society of Chemistry
                History
                : 16 December 2019
                : 9 March 2020
                Page count
                Pages: 12
                Funding
                Funded by: Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung, doi 10.13039/501100002347;
                Award ID: 03FH013IX4
                Funded by: Russian Foundation for Basic Research, doi 10.13039/501100002261;
                Award ID: project 18-73-10009
                Categories
                Chemistry
                Custom metadata
                Paginated Article

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