The Personality Inventory for DSM-5 Short Form (PID-5-SF): psychometric properties and association with big five traits and pathological beliefs in a Norwegian population

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Abstract

Background

With the publication of the fifth edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), an alternative model for personality disorders based on personality dysfunction and pathological personality traits was introduced. The Personality Inventory for DSM-5 (PID-5) is a 220-item self-report inventory designed to assess the personality traits of this model. Recently, a short 100-item version of the PID-5 (PID-5-SF) has been developed. The aim of this study was to investigate the score reliability and structure of the Norwegian PID-5-SF. Further, criterion validity with the five factor model of personality (FFM) and pathological personality beliefs was examined.

Methods

A derivation sample of university students ( N = 503) completed the PID-5, the Big Five Inventory (BFI), and the Personality Beliefs Questionnaire – Short Form (PBQ-SF), whereas a replication sample of 127 students completed the PID-5-SF along with the aforementioned measures.

Results

The short PID-5 showed overall good score reliability and structural validity. The associations with FFM traits and pathological personality beliefs were conceptually coherent and similar for the two forms of the PID-5.

Conclusions

The results suggest that the Norwegian PID-5 short form is a reliable and efficient measure of the trait criterion of the alternative model for personality disorders in DSM-5.

Electronic supplementary material

The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s40359-016-0169-5) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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Most cited references 39

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Initial construction of a maladaptive personality trait model and inventory for DSM-5.

R F Krueger, J Derringer, K E Markon … (2012)

DSM-IV-TR suggests that clinicians should assess clinically relevant personality traits that do not necessarily constitute a formal personality disorder (PD), and should note these traits on Axis II, but DSM-IV-TR does not provide a trait model to guide the clinician. Our goal was to provide a provisional trait model and a preliminary corresponding assessment instrument, in our roles as members of the DSM-5 Personality and Personality Disorders Workgroup and workgroup advisors. An initial list of specific traits and domains (broader groups of traits) was derived from DSM-5 literature reviews and workgroup deliberations, with a focus on capturing maladaptive personality characteristics deemed clinically salient, including those related to the criteria for DSM-IV-TR PDs. The model and instrument were then developed iteratively using data from community samples of treatment-seeking participants. The analytic approach relied on tools of modern psychometrics (e.g. item response theory models). A total of 25 reliably measured core elements of personality description emerged that, together, delineate five broad domains of maladaptive personality variation: negative affect, detachment, antagonism, disinhibition, and psychoticism. We developed a maladaptive personality trait model and corresponding instrument as a step on the path toward helping users of DSM-5 assess traits that may or may not constitute a formal PD. The inventory we developed is reprinted in its entirety in the Supplementary online material, with the goal of encouraging additional refinement and development by other investigators prior to the finalization of DSM-5. Continuing discussion should focus on various options for integrating personality traits into DSM-5.

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Tucker's Congruence Coefficient as a Meaningful Index of Factor Similarity

Urbano Lorenzo-Seva, Jos ten Berge (2006)

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Plate tectonics in the classification of personality disorder: shifting to a dimensional model.

Thomas A. Widiger, Timothy J Trull (2016)

The diagnostic categories of the American Psychiatric Association's Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders were developed in the spirit of a traditional medical model that considers mental disorders to be qualitatively distinct conditions (see, e.g., American Psychiatric Association, 2000). Work is now beginning on the fifth edition of this influential diagnostic manual. It is perhaps time to consider a fundamental shift in how psychopathology is conceptualized and diagnosed. More specifically, it may be time to consider a shift to a dimensional classification of personality disorder that would help address the failures of the existing diagnostic categories as well as contribute to an integration of the psychiatric diagnostic manual with psychology's research on general personality structure. (c) 2007 APA, all rights reserved

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Author and article information

Contributors

Jens C. Thimm: 0047-77644348 , jens.thimm@uit.no

Stian Jordan: stian.jordan@finnmarkssykehuset.no

Bo Bach: bobachsayad@gmail.com

Journal

Journal ID (nlm-ta): BMC Psychol

Journal ID (iso-abbrev): BMC Psychol

Title: BMC Psychology

Publisher: BioMed Central (London )

ISSN (Electronic): 2050-7283

Publication date (Electronic): 7 December 2016

Publication date PMC-release: 7 December 2016

Publication date Collection: 2016

Volume: 4

Electronic Location Identifier: 61

Affiliations

[1 ]Department of Psychology, University of Tromsø, 9037 Tromsø, Norway

[2 ]Sámi Norwegian National Advisory Unit on Mental Health and Substance Use, Finnmark Hospital Trust, Karasjok, Norway

[3 ]Centre of Excellence on Personality Disorder, Region Zealand, Denmark

Article

Publisher ID: 169

DOI: 10.1186/s40359-016-0169-5

PMC ID: 5142430

PubMed ID: 27927237

SO-VID: a709c432-36d6-4432-809f-09e14a8555aa

License:

Open AccessThis article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License ( http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver ( http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.

History

Date received : 16 July 2016

Date accepted : 30 November 2016

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Keywords: pid-5,dsm-5 section iii,personality disorders,personality traits,personality beliefs,five-factor model

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Keywords: pid-5, dsm-5 section iii, personality disorders, personality traits, personality beliefs, five-factor model

The Personality Inventory for DSM-5 Short Form (PID-5-SF): psychometric properties and association with big five traits and pathological beliefs in a Norwegian population

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Abstract

Background

Methods

Results

Conclusions

Electronic supplementary material

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Most cited references 39

Initial construction of a maladaptive personality trait model and inventory for DSM-5.

Tucker's Congruence Coefficient as a Meaningful Index of Factor Similarity

Plate tectonics in the classification of personality disorder: shifting to a dimensional model.

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