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      Analysis of the ex-vivo transformation of semen, saliva and urine as they dry out using ATR-FTIR spectroscopy and chemometric approach

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          Abstract

          The ex-vivo biochemical changes of different body fluids also referred as aging of fluids are potential marker for the estimation of Time since deposition. Infrared spectroscopy has great potential to reveal the biochemical changes in these fluids as previously reported by several researchers. The present study is focused to analyze the spectral changes in the ATR-FTIR spectra of three body fluids, commonly encountered in violent crimes i.e., semen, saliva, and urine as they dry out. The whole analytical timeline is divided into relatively slow phase I due to the major contribution of water and faster Phase II due to significant evaporation of water. Two spectral regions i.e., 3200–3400 cm −1 and 1600–1000 cm −1 are the major contributors to the spectra of these fluids. Several peaks in the spectral region between 1600 and 1000 cm −1 showed highly significant regression equation with a higher coefficient of determination values in Phase II in contrary to the slow passing Phase I. Principal component and Partial Least Square Regression analysis are the two chemometric tool used to estimate the time since deposition of the aforesaid fluids as they dry out. Additionally, this study potentially estimates the time since deposition of an offense from the aging of the body fluids at the early stages after its occurrence as well as works as the precursor for further studies on an extended timeframe.

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          Multivariate data analysis applied to spectroscopy: Potential application to juice and fruit quality

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            Prediction of phenolic compounds in red wine fermentations by visible and near infrared spectroscopy

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              Diabetes-related molecular signatures in infrared spectra of human saliva

              Background There is an ongoing need for improvements in non-invasive, point-of-care tools for the diagnosis and prognosis of diabetes mellitus. Ideally, such technologies would allow for community screening. Methods In this study, we employed infrared spectroscopy as a novel diagnostic tool in the prediction of diabetic status by analyzing the molecular and sub-molecular spectral signatures of saliva collected from subjects with diabetes (n = 39) and healthy controls (n = 22). Results Spectral analysis revealed differences in several major metabolic components - lipid, proteins, glucose, thiocyanate and carboxylate - that clearly demarcate healthy and diseased saliva. The overall accuracy for the diagnosis of diabetes based on infrared spectroscopy was 100% on the training set and 88.2% on the validation set. Therefore, we have established that infrared spectroscopy can be used to generate complex biochemical profiles in saliva and identify several potential diabetes-associated spectral features. Conclusions Infrared spectroscopy may represent an appropriate tool with which to identify novel diseases mechanisms, risk factors for diabetic complications and markers of therapeutic efficacy. Further study into the potential utility of infrared spectroscopy as diagnostic and prognostic tool for diabetes is warranted.
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                ankit_forensic81@rediffmail.com
                Journal
                Sci Rep
                Sci Rep
                Scientific Reports
                Nature Publishing Group UK (London )
                2045-2322
                4 June 2021
                4 June 2021
                2021
                : 11
                : 11855
                Affiliations
                [1 ]GRID grid.411823.d, ISNI 0000 0004 0506 5583, Dr. A.P.J. Abdul Kalam Institute of Forensic Science & Criminology, , Bundelkhand University, ; Jhansi, 284128 Uttar Pradesh India
                [2 ]DFS, Himachal Pradesh, Junga, Shimla, 171218 Himachal Pradesh India
                Article
                91009
                10.1038/s41598-021-91009-5
                8178304
                34088945
                a7dd9827-a156-4248-a33f-f41ac9f4fa7b
                © The Author(s) 2021

                Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

                History
                : 9 January 2021
                : 19 May 2021
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                © The Author(s) 2021

                Uncategorized
                biochemistry,analytical chemistry
                Uncategorized
                biochemistry, analytical chemistry

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