Prevalencia de burnout en auditores gubernamentales de México, perspectiva de género Translated title: The prevalence of occupational burnout in the government auditors of Mexico, a gender perspective

Abstract

Resumen Los auditores gubernamentales en México enfrentan agotadoras cargas de trabajo que los predispone a ocasionarles problemas psicosociales como es el Síndrome de Quemarse por el Trabajo (SQT-Burnout), entre otros. No obstante para esta profesión, el burnout no ha sido estudiado con profundidad como lo ha sido para algunas otras (especialmente aquellas que pertenecen al sector educativo y de la salud) y aún menos desde la perspectiva diferenciada por la variable género. El estudio cuantitativo con carácter no generalizable implicó aplicar el Maslach Burnout Inventory-General Survey (MBI-GS) a 557 auditores del ámbito federal y subnacional, la literatura especializada ha demostrado que no se trata únicamente de un fenómeno contingente. Para contrastar la hipótesis planteada Ho: las distribuciones de burnout entre hombres y mujeres son iguales, fue a través del método U de Mann-Whitney. Se concluye que en los auditores gubernamentales es mayor el burnout en las mujeres que en los hombres.

Translated abstract

Abstract Government auditors in Mexico have tiring workloads that, beyond the physical and emotional exhaustion, predispose them to psychosocial problems such as Occupational Burnout, among others. Nevertheless, burnout has not been thoroughly studied for this profession as it has been done with others (especially those that pertain to the education and health sectors), and even less so from the approach differentiated by the gender variable. The quantitative study of a non-generalizable nature entailed the implementation of the Maslach Burnout Inventory-General Survey (MBI-GS) to 557 auditors in the federal and sub-national areas. It is an instrument based on the tridimensional model by Maslach and Jackson, which considers emotional exhaustion, feelings of cynicism and detachment from work, and the sensation of professional inefficiency and a lack of achievement. Specialized literature in this matter has demonstrated that it is not just a contingent phenomenon. Through the U Mann-Whitney method, the hypothesis Ho that was presented stating that the distributions of burnout between men and women are equal is contrasted. It is concluded that for government auditors, the burnout syndrome is more prevalent in women than in men.