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      Effects of COVID‐19 Lockdown on Lifestyle Behaviors in Children with Obesity Living in Verona, Italy: A Longitudinal Study

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          Abstract

          Objective

          To test the hypothesis that youths with obesity, when removed from structured school activities and confined to their homes during the COVID‐19 pandemic, will display unfavorable trends in lifestyle behaviors.

          Methods

          The sample included 41 children and adolescents with obesity participating in a longitudinal observational study located in Verona, Italy. Lifestyle information including diet, activity, and sleep behaviors were collected at baseline and three weeks into the national lockdown during which home confinement was mandatory. Changes in outcomes over the two study time points were evaluated for significance using paired t‐tests.

          Results

          There were no changes in reported vegetable intake; fruit intake increased (p=0.055) during the lockdown. By contrast, potato chip, red meat, and sugary drink intakes increased significantly during the lockdown (p‐value range, 0.005 to <0.001). Time spent in sports activities decreased (X±SD) by 2.30±4.60 hours/week (p=0.003) and sleep time increased by 0.65±1.29 hours/day (p=0.003). Screen time increased by 4.85±2.40 hours/day (p<0.001).

          Conclusions

          Recognizing these adverse collateral effects of the COVID‐19 pandemic lockdown is critical in avoiding depreciation of weight control efforts among youths afflicted with excess adiposity. Depending on duration, these untoward lockdown effects may have a lasting impact on a child’s or adolescent’s adult adiposity level.

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          Author and article information

          Contributors
          Steven.Heymsfield@pbrc.edu
          Journal
          Obesity (Silver Spring)
          Obesity (Silver Spring)
          10.1002/(ISSN)1930-739X
          OBY
          Obesity (Silver Spring, Md.)
          John Wiley and Sons Inc. (Hoboken )
          1930-7381
          1930-739X
          30 April 2020
          : 10.1002/oby.22861
          Affiliations
          [ 1 ] Department of Surgical Science Dentistry, Gynecology and Pediatrics Pediatric Unit Verona University Medical School Verona Italy
          [ 2 ] Pennington Biomedical Research Center LSU System Baton Rouge LA USA
          [ 3 ] Department of Public Health Sciences Clemson University Clemson SC USA
          [ 4 ] Graduate School of Education Department of Counseling, School and Educational Psychology University at Buffalo‐State University of New York Buffalo NY USA
          Author notes
          [*] [* ] Address Correspondence to: Steven B. Heymsfield, M.D

          Pennington Biomedical Research Center, 6400 Perkins Road, Baton Rouge, LA 70808

          E‐mail: Steven.Heymsfield@ 123456pbrc.edu

          Author information
          https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8504-7945
          Article
          OBY22861
          10.1002/oby.22861
          7267384
          32352652
          a800b6c5-6bdf-4c9e-90f9-36cb5f379745
          This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

          This article is being made freely available through PubMed Central as part of the COVID-19 public health emergency response. It can be used for unrestricted research re-use and analysis in any form or by any means with acknowledgement of the original source, for the duration of the public health emergency.

          History
          Page count
          Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Pages: 12, Words: 315
          Categories
          Brief Cutting Edge Report
          Brief Cutting Edge Reports
          Custom metadata
          2.0
          accepted-manuscript
          Converter:WILEY_ML3GV2_TO_JATSPMC version:5.8.3 mode:remove_FC converted:03.06.2020

          Medicine
          physical activity,diet,overweight,homebound; school program
          Medicine
          physical activity, diet, overweight, homebound; school program

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