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      How does the process of group singing impact on people affected by cancer? A grounded theory study

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          Abstract

          Objective

          This study aimed to build an understanding of how the process of singing impacts on those who are affected by cancer, including patients, staff, carers and those who have been bereaved.

          Design

          A qualitative study, informed by a grounded theory approach.

          Setting and participants

          Patients with cancer, staff, carers and bereaved who had participated for a minimum of 6 weeks in one of two choirs for people affected by cancer.

          Methods

          31 participants took part in Focus Group Interviews lasting between 45 min and an hour, and 1 participant had a face-to-face interview.

          Findings

          Four overarching themes emerged from the iterative analysis procedure. The overarching themes were: building resilience, social support, psychological dimensions and process issues. Following further analyses, a theoretical model was created to depict how building resilience underpins the findings.

          Conclusion

          Group singing may be a suitable intervention for building resilience in those affected by cancer via an interaction between the experience and impact of the choir.

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          Most cited references29

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          Self-determination theory and the facilitation of intrinsic motivation, social development, and well-being.

          Richard M. Ryan, Edward L Deci (2000)
          Article 0 comments Cited 2853 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
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            The Warwick-Edinburgh Mental Well-being Scale (WEMWBS): development and UK validation

            Ruth Tennant, Louise Hiller, Ruth Fishwick … (2007)
            Background There is increasing international interest in the concept of mental well-being and its contribution to all aspects of human life. Demand for instruments to monitor mental well-being at a population level and evaluate mental health promotion initiatives is growing. This article describes the development and validation of a new scale, comprised only of positively worded items relating to different aspects of positive mental health: the Warwick-Edinburgh Mental Well-Being Scale (WEMWBS). Methods WEMWBS was developed by an expert panel drawing on current academic literature, qualitative research with focus groups, and psychometric testing of an existing scale. It was validated on a student and representative population sample. Content validity was assessed by reviewing the frequency of complete responses and the distribution of responses to each item. Confirmatory factor analysis was used to test the hypothesis that the scale measured a single construct. Internal consistency was assessed using Cronbach's alpha. Criterion validity was explored in terms of correlations between WEMWBS and other scales and by testing whether the scale discriminated between population groups in line with pre-specified hypotheses. Test-retest reliability was assessed at one week using intra-class correlation coefficients. Susceptibility to bias was measured using the Balanced Inventory of Desired Responding. Results WEMWBS showed good content validity. Confirmatory factor analysis supported the single factor hypothesis. A Cronbach's alpha score of 0.89 (student sample) and 0.91 (population sample) suggests some item redundancy in the scale. WEMWBS showed high correlations with other mental health and well-being scales and lower correlations with scales measuring overall health. Its distribution was near normal and the scale did not show ceiling effects in a population sample. It discriminated between population groups in a way that is largely consistent with the results of other population surveys. Test-retest reliability at one week was high (0.83). Social desirability bias was lower or similar to that of other comparable scales. Conclusion WEMWBS is a measure of mental well-being focusing entirely on positive aspects of mental health. As a short and psychometrically robust scale, with no ceiling effects in a population sample, it offers promise as a tool for monitoring mental well-being at a population level. Whilst WEMWBS should appeal to those evaluating mental health promotion initiatives, it is important that the scale's sensitivity to change is established before it is recommended in this context.
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              Loss, Trauma, and Human Resilience: Have We Underestimated the Human Capacity to Thrive After Extremely Aversive Events?

              George Bonanno (2004)
              Many people are exposed to loss or potentially traumatic events at some point in their lives, and yet they continue to have positive emotional experiences and show only minor and transient disruptions in their ability to function. Unfortunately, because much of psychology's knowledge about how adults cope with loss or trauma has come from individuals who sought treatment or exhibited great distress, loss and trauma theorists have often viewed this type of resilience as either rare or pathological. The author challenges these assumptions by reviewing evidence that resilience represents a distinct trajectory from the process of recovery, that resilience in the face of loss or potential trauma is more common than is often believed, and that there are multiple and sometimes unexpected pathways to resilience. ((c) 2004 APA, all rights reserved)
              Article 0 comments Cited 671 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Journal ID (nlm-ta): BMJ Open
                Journal ID (iso-abbrev): BMJ Open
                Journal ID (hwp): bmjopen
                Journal ID (publisher-id): bmjopen
                Title: BMJ Open
                Publisher: BMJ Publishing Group (BMA House, Tavistock Square, London, WC1H 9JR )
                ISSN (Electronic): 2044-6055
                Publication date Collection: 2019
                Publication date (Electronic): 7 January 2019
                Volume: 9
                Issue: 1
                Electronic Location Identifier: e023261
                Affiliations
                [1 ] departmentSchool of Social and Political Science , The University of Edinburgh , Edinburgh, UK
                [2 ] departmentDepartment of Behavioural Science and Health , University College London , London, UK
                [3 ] The Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust , London, UK
                [4 ] departmentFaculty of Health Sciences , University of Southampton , Southampton, UK
                Author notes
                [Correspondence to ] Dr Daisy Fancourt; d.fancourt@ 123456ucl.ac.uk
                Author information
                http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8962-3575
                http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6952-334X
                Article
                Publisher ID: bmjopen-2018-023261
                DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2018-023261
                PMC ID: 6326295
                PubMed ID: 30617100
                SO-VID: a8694d8e-0a85-473e-8051-4874a2223696
                Copyright © © Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2019. Re-use permitted under CC BY-NC. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ.
                License:

                This is an open access article distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited, appropriate credit is given, any changes made indicated, and the use is non-commercial. See: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/.

                History
                Date received : 01 April 2018
                Date revision received : 09 August 2018
                Date accepted : 01 October 2018
                Categories
                Subject: Oncology
                Subject: Research
                Subject: 1506
                Subject: 1717
                Subject: 1333
                Custom metadata
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                ScienceOpen disciplines: Medicine
                Keywords: oncology,qualitative research,mental health,adult oncology,therapeutics
                Data availability:
                ScienceOpen disciplines: Medicine
                Keywords: oncology, qualitative research, mental health, adult oncology, therapeutics

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