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      Temperature Affects Human Sweet Taste via At Least Two Mechanisms.

      1 , 2
      Chemical senses
      Oxford University Press (OUP)
      TRPM5, human, psychophysics, sweetness, taste, temperature

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          Abstract

          The reported effects of temperature on sweet taste in humans have generally been small and inconsistent. Here, we describe 3 experiments that follow up a recent finding that cooling from 37 to 21 °C does not reduce the initial sweetness of sucrose but increases sweet taste adaptation. In experiment 1, subjects rated the sweetness of sucrose, glucose, and fructose solutions at 5-41 °C by dipping the tongue tip into the solutions after 0-, 3-, or 10-s pre-exposures to the same solutions or to H2O; experiment 2 compared the effects of temperature on the sweetness of 3 artificial sweeteners (sucralose, aspartame, and saccharin); and experiment 3 employed a flow-controlled gustometer to rule out the possibility the effects of temperature in the preceding experiments were unique to dipping the tongue into a still taste solution. The results (i) confirmed that mild cooling does not attenuate sweetness but can increase sweet taste adaptation; (ii) demonstrated that cooling to 5-12 °C can directly reduce sweetness intensity; and (iii) showed that both effects vary across stimuli. These findings have implications for the TRPM5 hypothesis of thermal effects on sweet taste and raise the possibility that temperature also affects an earlier step in the T1R2-T1R3 transduction cascade.

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          Author and article information

          Journal
          Chem. Senses
          Chemical senses
          Oxford University Press (OUP)
          1464-3553
          0379-864X
          Jul 2015
          : 40
          : 6
          Affiliations
          [1 ] The John B. Pierce Laboratory, 290 Congress Avenue, New Haven, CT 06519, USA and The Department of Surgery (Otolaryngology), Yale School of Medicine, 333 Cedar Street, New Haven, CT 06510, USA green@jbpierce.org.
          [2 ] The John B. Pierce Laboratory, 290 Congress Avenue, New Haven, CT 06519, USA and.
          Article
          bjv021
          10.1093/chemse/bjv021
          4542652
          25963040
          a88f96bd-2bb5-460c-a777-46c9d9d8e814
          History

          sweetness,taste,temperature,TRPM5,human,psychophysics
          sweetness, taste, temperature, TRPM5, human, psychophysics

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