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      DEFINIENDO UNA ANTROPOLOGÍA PARA EL CRIMINAL EN EL CHILE FINISECULAR (SIGLOS XIX-XX) Translated title: Defining an anthropology for criminals at the turn of the century Chile (XIX-XX centuries)

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          Abstract

          Este estudio busca rescatar el papel del pensamiento antropológico criminal en Chile en la construcción de una nueva imagen del criminal urbano. En tal sentido, se argumenta que las ideas de Lombroso y Bertillón habrían otorgado un respaldo “científico” a prejuicios que estigmatizaban a grupos específicos de la población en las ciudades, como eran los sectores populares. Igualmente, en un período cronológico que abarca desde fines del siglo XIX hasta mediados de la centuria siguiente se puede apreciar cómo los planteamientos centrales de este nuevo saber criminológico habrían ayudado a justificar los criterios y medidas de las autoridades, tendientes a definir una política de defensa social basada en la caracterización de un “enemigo común”, identificable ahora a partir de un registro fotográfico que retrataba asimismo su malsana naturaleza interior, como también por determinados rasgos físicos que revelaban su predisposición biológica al mal.

          Translated abstract

          This study seeks to analyze the role of the anthropological depiction of crime in Chile for the construction of a new image of the urban criminal. Accordingly, it is argued that notions of Bertillon and Lombroso would have given “scientific” support to prejudices that stigmatized specific population groups in the popular sectors of the cities. Also, in a chronological period from the end of the 19th century until the middle of the next century, we can see how the main ideas of this new criminological approaches would have helped to justify the criteria and measures taken by the authorities to define a social defense policy based on the characterization of a “common enemy”. This was now identifiable from a photographic record that depicted his unhealthy inner nature, as well as certain physical features that revealed his biological predisposition to evil.

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          Most cited references33

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          Racial Ideas and Social Reform: Argentina, 1890-1916

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            The Birth of the Penitentiary in Latin America Essays on Criminology Prison Reform and Social Control, 1830-1940

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              Historia de la Arqueología en Chile

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                Author and article information

                Journal
                alpha
                Alpha (Osorno)
                Alpha
                Universidad de Los Lagos. Departamento de Humanidades y Arte (Osorno, , Chile )
                0718-2201
                July 2015
                : 40
                : 53-70
                Affiliations
                [01] Chillán orgnameUniversidad del Biobío orgdiv1Departamento de Ciencias Sociales Chile
                Article
                S0718-22012015000100005 S0718-2201(15)00004000005
                10.4067/S0718-22012015000100005
                a8b224ea-76e4-46a9-9193-223c9453633c

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

                History
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 35, Pages: 18
                Product

                SciELO Chile

                Self URI: Texto completo solamente en formato PDF (ES)
                Categories
                ARTÍCULOS

                Identification,Criminology,Bertillonage,Anthropometry,Criminal anthropology,Identificación,Criminología,Antropometría,Antropología criminal

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