Neglect and associated factors among preschool children in two-child families in southwest Shandong Province

Abstract

Objective To investigate neglect among preschool children in two-child families in southwest Shandong Province, and to provide reference is for improving nursing parenting quality of two-child families.

Methods A questionnaire survey was conducted among 2 646 parents of two-child families and 2 074 parents of one-child families from 16 kindergartens in southwest Shandong Province.

Results The total neglect rate of two-child family preschool children in southwest Shandong Province was 27.37%, and the degree score of neglect was (40.15±5.51). The physical neglect rate (10.39%), emotional neglect rate(40.15土 5.51), total neglect (38.15±4.88) and emotional neglect (46.12±6.91) of boys were higher than those of girls, and the difference was statistically significance (χ ²/ t = 4.57, 6.65, 4.58, 4.72, P<0.05); No significant frequencies were found in total neglect rate, total neglect, neglect rate and neglect at all levels among all age groups ( P>0.05); Among preschool children with siblings aged 7– <13, ≥13, total neglect rate (30.44%, 32.77%), emotional neglect rate (10.20%, 12.00%), total neglect degree (44.71±5.98, 45.33±5.20) and emotional neglect degree (45.95±7.12, 48.86±4.97) of preschool children in two-child families have higher than those in one-child families, and the differences were of statistical significance (χ ²/ t = 31.10, 4.55, 27.92, 24.13, 19.83, P<0.05); the total neglect rate (27.37%), emotional neglect rate (23.47%), emotional neglect (43.68±6.83) of two-child families and the total neglect (40.15±5.51) were higher than those of one-child families, and the differences were of statistical significance (χ ²/ t = 4.98, 4.96, 3.76, 8.53, P<0.05). The age of siblings ( OR = 0.58), the education level of mothers ( OR = 0.64), and the main executor of family education ( OR = 1.54) were main factors to influence the child neglect of preschool children in two-child families ( P< 0.05).

Conclusion Neglect of preschool children in two-child families is higher than that in one-child families in southwest Shandong, especially among those preschool boys and preschool children whose siblings were of school age.

Abstract

【摘要】 目的 了解鲁西南地区二孩家庭中学龄前儿童忽视现状及影响因素, 为提髙二孩家庭的养育质量提供参 考。 方法 采用问卷调査法, 对整群随机抽取的山东省鲁西南地区 16 所幼儿园2 646名二孩家庭和 2 074 名一孩家庭学 龄前儿童家长进行儿童忽视状况调査。 结果 鲁西南地区二孩家庭学龄前儿童的总忽视率为 27.37%, 忽视度为 (40.15± 5.51)。男童身体忽视率 (10.39%)、情感忽视率 (21.85%)、总忽视度 (38.15±4.88)和情感忽视度 (46.12±6.91) 均髙于女 童, 差异均有统计学意义 (χ ²/ t 值分别为 4.57, 6.65, 4.58, 4.72, P值均<0.05); 不同年级儿童总忽视率、总忽视度、各层面忽 视率和忽视度比较, 差异均无统计学意义 ( P值均>0.05)。兄弟姐妹年龄在 7~<13 和為 13 岁的学龄前儿童总忽视率 (30.44%, 32.77%)、身体忽视率 (10.20%, 12.00%)、情感忽视率 (23.06%, 25.35%)、总忽视度(44.71±5.98, 45.33±5.20) 和 情感忽视度 (45.95±7.12, 48.86±4.97)均明显髙于其他组, 差异均有统计学意义 (χ ²/ t 值分别为 31.10, 4.55, 27.92, 24.13, 19.83, P值均<0.05)。二孩家庭的学龄前儿童总忽视率 (27.37%)、情感忽视率 (23.47%) 以及总忽视度 (40.15±5.51)、情感 忽视度 (43.68±6.83) 均髙于一孩家庭, 差异均有统计学意义 (χ ²/ t 值分别为4.98, 4.96, 3.76, 8.53, P值均<0.05)。影响二孩 家庭学龄前儿童是否受到忽视的主要因素有兄弟姐妹年龄、母亲受教育程度、家庭教育主要实施人 ( OR 值分别为 0.58, 0.61, 1.54, P值均<0.05)。 结论 鲁西南地区二孩家庭中学龄前儿童的忽视情况髙于一孩家庭, 其中学龄前男童和长子处 在学龄期的学龄前儿童忽视情况尤为严重。